NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Health Promotion and Maintenance Practice Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is teaching health education classes to a group of expectant parents, and the topic is preventing cognitive impairment caused by congenital hypothyroidism. What should the nurse tell the parents is the most effective means of promoting early intervention?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Congenital hypothyroidism is a common preventable cause of cognitive impairment. Neonatal screening is the only means of early diagnosis followed by intervention and the subsequent prevention of cognitive impairment. Newborn infants are screened for congenital hypothyroidism before discharge from the newborn nursery and before 7 days of life. Treatment is begun immediately, if necessary. Vitamin intake and adequate protein will not specifically prevent this disorder. Alcohol consumption during pregnancy needs to be restricted rather than just limited.
Question 2 of 5
The home care nurse visits a child diagnosed with scarlet fever who is being treated with penicillin G potassium. The mother tells the nurse that the child has only voided a small amount of tea-colored urine since the previous day. The mother also reports that the child's appetite has decreased and that the child's face was swollen this morning. How should the nurse interpret these new signs/symptoms?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Scarlet fever is an infectious and communicable disease caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. The signs/symptoms identified in the question indicate acute glomerulonephritis, indicative of nephrotoxicity. These signs/symptoms are not normal and should not be ignored. Although the child is receiving penicillin G potassium, these are not signs/symptoms of an allergic reaction.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse determines that the client with atherosclerosis understands dietary modifications to lower the risk of heart disease if which food selection is made?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
To lower the risk of heart disease, the diet should be low in saturated fat with the appropriate number of total calories. The diet should include less red meat (roast beef, cheeseburger) and more white meat with the skin removed. Dairy products used should be low in fat, and foods with high amounts of empty calories (white gravy) should be avoided.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with morning sickness who is 8 weeks pregnant with her first child. What should the nurse advise the client to do to manage nausea?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Consuming fluids early avoids triggering nausea later. Protein-heavy meals, spicy foods, or brushing teeth post-eating may worsen nausea.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is talking to a 67-year-old client who has just retired from the job he's had since age 17-the only job he's ever had. The nurse understands that the client is in which of Erikson's stages?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A 67-year-old retiree is in Erikson's ego integrity versus despair stage, reflecting on life's accomplishments.