NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Medical Surgical Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the chart of a 55-year-old male client who is scheduled for a lumbar laminectomy. The nurse should report which of the following to the surgeon?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An abnormal ECG indicates potential cardiac issues that could affect surgical safety under anesthesia. This must be reported to the surgeon for further evaluation. A pimple, hearing aid, or iodine allergy, while notable, are less immediately critical unless directly related to the procedure.
Question 2 of 5
When assessing the lower extremities of a client with peripheral vascular disease (PVD), the nurse notes bilateral ankle edema. The edema is related to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bilateral ankle edema in PVD is often due to increased venous pressure from venous insufficiency or right-sided heart failure, which impairs venous return and causes fluid to pool in the lower extremities. Decreased blood volume or increased muscular activity does not cause edema, and arterial pressure is not directly related.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse should teach the neutropenic client and the family to avoid which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Neutropenic clients should avoid suppositories or enemas, as they can cause rectal trauma and introduce infections. HEPA masks, perianal care, and oral care are recommended to reduce infection risk.
Question 4 of 5
A client from a Mediterranean country is admitted with thalassemia, jaundice, splenomegaly, and hepatomegaly. Which of the following should be the primary focus of nursing care for this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thalassemia, a hemolytic anemia, causes increased cardiac workload due to chronic anemia and tissue hypoxia. Promoting rest is the primary focus to decrease cardiac demands and prevent complications like heart failure. While client preferences, nutrition, and emotional support are important, reducing cardiac strain is critical.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse develops a teaching plan for a client scheduled for a spinal fusion. Which of the following should the nurse expect to include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The donor site (e.g., iliac crest) often causes more pain than the fusion site due to tissue trauma.