NCLEX-RN
Adult Health Med Surg NCLEX Test Bank Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is planning a home visit for a client with hepatitis. In order to prevent transmission the nurse should focus teaching on:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hepatitis B and C are transmitted via body fluids, so condom use (
D) prevents sexual transmission. Food handling (
A) is key for hepatitis A, syringe disposal (
B) applies to needle-sharing, and alpha-interferon (
C) is a treatment, not a preventive measure.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about taking antihistamines. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Antihistamines have an anticholinergic action and a drying effect and reduce nasal, salivary, and lacrimal gland hypersecretion (runny nose, tearing, and itching eyes). An adverse effect is drowsiness, so operating machinery and driving are not recommended. There is also an additive depressant effect when alcohol is combined with antihistamines, so alcohol should be avoided during antihistamine use. The client should ensure adequate fluid intake of at least 8 glasses per day due to the drying effect of the drug.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is instructing a young adult with Addison's disease how to adjust the dose of glucocorticoids. The nurse should explain that the client may need an increased dosage of glucocorticoids in which of the following situations?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stressful situations like surgery or dental procedures (e.g., root canal) increase glucocorticoid needs in Addison's disease to prevent adrenal crisis.
Question 4 of 5
A client has returned from the cardiac catheterization laboratory after a balloon valvuloplasty for mitral stenosis. Which of the following requires immediate nursing action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased somnolence may indicate neurological complications (e.g., stroke) post-valvuloplasty, requiring immediate action. Other findings are less urgent.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is reading the results of a tuberculin skin test (see figure). The nurse should interpret the results as:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A positive tuberculin skin test (induration ‰¥10 mm in most cases) indicates exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Without the figure, the context suggests a positive result based on typical test interpretation.