NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is developing the plan of care for the 7-year-old with encopresis who has been started on lactulose. Which outcome would be most appropriate for the nurse to establish?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A: Weight gain is not expected with an osmotic laxative. B: Nighttime continence is not expected to be altered by an osmotic laxative. C: Blood glucose is not expected to be altered by an osmotic laxative. D: Lactulose (Constulose) is an osmotic laxative used in treating encopresis to prevent constipation; the nurse should establish an outcome of a normal daily bowel movement.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following symptoms is most characteristic of a client with cancer of the lungs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A persistent, changing cough is the most characteristic symptom of lung cancer, distinguishing it from symptoms associated with COPD, asthma, or tuberculosis.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse applies a fentanyl transdermal patch to the client for the first time. Shortly after application, the client is experiencing pain. Which nursing action is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A: Removing the patch is unnecessary; effective analgesia may take 12 to 24 hours. B: The nurse should administer a short-acting opioid analgesic. When the first fentanyl (Duragesic) transdermal patch is applied, effective analgesia may take 12 to 24 hours because absorption is slow. C: Transdermal patches should not be rubbed to enhance absorption; it can cause the delivery of the medication to fluctuate. D: It is premature to request a higher dose of fentanyl.
Question 4 of 5
Methylphenidate hydrochloride is prescribed for the child with ADHD. The nurse should teach the parents to administer the medication in which way?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A: Methylphenidate is usually given twice daily at or before breakfast and at noon, not whenever inattention behaviors occur. B: Methylphenidate is usually given twice daily at or before breakfast and at noon, not whenever hyperactive behaviors occur. C: The last dose of the medication should be given before 6 p.m. to prevent insomnia. D: A side effect of methylphenidate hydrochloride (Ritalin) is anorexia. It should be given during or immediately after breakfast and lunch to prevent a decreased intake.
Question 5 of 5
The client taking lithium for bipolar disorder participated in a recreational game of basketball in the mental health unit gym. The client is now feeling nauseated and shaky, has blurred vision, and is finding it hard to stand. Considering this information, which action should be taken by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client is showing signs of lithium (Lithane) toxicity, especially apparent after high levels of physical activity. The HCP should be notified for a STAT lithium level and corrective action.