NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Questions on Genitourinary System Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is developing a nursing care plan for the client diagnosed with CKD. Which nursing problem is priority for the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Excess fluid volume is the priority in CKD due to impaired kidney excretion, leading to edema, hypertension, and heart failure risk. Fluid overload is a life-threatening issue, whereas self-esteem, knowledge, and activity intolerance are secondary.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is discussing kidney transplants with clients at a dialysis center. Which population is less likely to participate in organ donation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: African Americans are statistically less likely to participate in organ donation due to cultural beliefs, mistrust in healthcare systems, and lower registration rates. Other groups have higher participation rates, though disparities exist across all populations.
Question 3 of 5
The client receiving hemodialysis is being discharged home from the dialysis center. Which instruction should the nurse teach the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A fever of 102°F or higher may indicate infection, a serious complication in hemodialysis patients, requiring prompt HCP notification. Ice may worsen bleeding, short nails are general advice, and encouraging dependency is not therapeutic.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse writes the client problem of 'fluid volume excess' (FVE). Which intervention should be included in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Restricting sodium reduces fluid retention in FVE, as sodium promotes water reabsorption. D5W provides free water, worsening FVE; glucose monitoring is unrelated; and hemodialysis is reserved for severe cases.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which statement best explains the scientific rationale for the client’s Kussmaul’s respirations?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Kussmaul’s respirations (rapid, deep breathing) in DKA compensate for metabolic acidosis by excreting carbon dioxide, a volatile acid, to raise blood pH. Kidneys excrete acid, not urine, and respirations do not increase CO2 or HCO3.