Pediatric Cardiac Disorders NCLEX Questions

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

The nurse is developing a nursing care plan for a client diagnosed with congestive heart failure. A nursing diagnosis of 'decreased cardiac output related to inability of the heart to pump effectively' is written. Which short-term goal would be best for the client?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Absence of an S3 heart sound (
B) indicates improved cardiac function, directly addressing decreased cardiac output. Ambulation (
A) is long-term, turning/coughing (
C) is an intervention, and SaO2 of 98% (
D) is less specific to cardiac output.

Question 2 of 5

Along with persistent, crushing chest pain, which signs/symptoms would make the nurse suspect that the client is experiencing a myocardial infarction?

A. Midepigastric pain and pyrosis. B. Diaphoresis and cool, clammy skin. C. Intermittent claudication and pallor. D. Jugular vein distention and dependent edema.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: MI causes diaphoresis and cool, clammy skin (
B) due to sympathetic activation. Epigastric pain/pyrosis (
A) suggest GI issues, claudication/pallor (
C) indicate PAD, and JVD/edema (
D) suggest heart failure.

Question 3 of 5

Which client would the nurse suspect of having a mitral valve prolapse?

A. A 60-year-old female with congestive heart failure. B. A 23-year-old male with Marfan's syndrome. C. An 80-year-old male with atrial fibrillation. D. A 33-year-old female with Down syndrome.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Mitral valve prolapse is common in Marfan’s syndrome (
B) due to connective tissue defects. CHF (
A), atrial fibrillation (
C), and Down syndrome (
D) are not strongly associated.

Question 4 of 5

The client comes to the emergency department saying, 'I am having a heart attack.' Which question is most pertinent when assessing the client?

A. Can you describe your chest pain?' B. What were you doing when the pain started?' C. Did you have a high-fat meal today?' D. Does the pain get worse when you lie down?'

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Describing chest pain (
A) is most pertinent to differentiate cardiac from non-cardiac causes. Activity (
B), diet (
C), and positional pain (
D) are secondary.

Question 5 of 5

Which assessment data would the nurse expect to auscultate in the client diagnosed with mitral valve insufficiency?

A. A loud S1, S2 split, and a mitral opening snap. B. A holosystolic murmur heard best at the cardiac apex. C. A midsystolic ejection click or murmur heard at the base. D. A high-pitched sound heard at the third left intercostal space.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Mitral insufficiency (regurgitation) causes a holosystolic murmur at the apex (
B) due to backflow. S1/S2 snap (
A) is mitral stenosis, ejection click (
C) is aortic/pulmonic, and high-pitched sound (
D) is nonspecific.

Pediatric Cardiac Disorders NCLEX Questions | Nurselytic

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