NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Questions Gastrointestinal System Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is completing a home visit with the client who had a partial resection of the ileum for Crohn’s disease 4 weeks previously. The nurse should collect additional information when the client makes which statement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. The nurse should collect additional information when the client states having stools that float and have fat in them. Bile salts are absorbed in the terminal ileum. Disease in this area or resection of the ileum can result in poor fat absorption and loss of fat in the stool. The presence of bile salts leads to diarrhea. B. Weight gain is a positive sign after small bowel resection for Crohn’s disease. C. Many clients with Crohn’s disease develop lactose intolerance and therefore should avoid milk products. D. Formed stools are a positive sign after small bowel resection for Crohn’s disease.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for the client with diverticulitis. The nurse should plan to instruct the client to avoid which food during an episode of diverticulitis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A. White bread is a recommended food for fiber-restricted diets. It contains less than 1 g fiber per ounce. B. Ripe bananas, canned soft fruits, and most well-cooked vegetables without seeds or skins are recommended for fiber-restricted diets. C. Cooked oatmeal contains 4 g of fiber per serving. Foods high in fiber should be avoided during an episode of diverticulitis, and foods should be restricted to low fiber or clear liquids. Once diverticulitis is resolved, the client should return to a high-fiber diet. D. Iceberg lettuce contains less than 1 g of fiber.
Question 3 of 5
The client is scheduled for an abdominal-perineal resection for cancer of the rectum. Which components should the nurse include in the client’s preoperative education? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: An abdominal-perineal resection removes the sigmoid colon, rectum, and anus. As a result the client will have a permanent colostomy. The enterostomal nurse will identify and mark an appropriate stoma location after considering the client’s skinfolds, clothing preferences, and the level of the colostomy. The bowel is cleansed preoperatively to reduce the risk of peritoneal contamination by bowel contents during surgery. Antibiotics are prescribed to be given preoperatively to reduce the risk of peritoneal contamination by bowel contents during surgery. Postoperatively the client with an abdominal-perineal resection is at risk for sexual dysfunction and urinary incontinence as a result of nerve damage. This needs to be discussed with the client prior to surgery by the surgeon or a member of the surgical team.
Question 4 of 5
The client is hospitalized with a large bowel obstruction resulting in massive abdominal distention. Which assessment findings should be most concerning to the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Decreased lung sounds are the most concerning finding because it can be life-threatening. Massive distention can impair function of the diaphragm, which in turn leads to atelectasis and compromised respiratory function.
Question 5 of 5
Which blood test results would confirm a diagnosis of appendicitis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An elevated WBC count (e.g., 13,000) indicates inflammation, supporting an appendicitis diagnosis. Normal RBC and platelet counts are not specific, and a heterophil antibody test is for infectious mononucleosis.