NCLEX-PN
Genitourinary NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is caring for the client diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who is experiencing metabolic acidosis. Which statement best describes the scientific rationale for metabolic acidosis in this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In CKD, the kidneys fail to excrete acids (via ammonia) and reabsorb bicarbonate, leading to metabolic acidosis. Increased acid excretion would raise pH, RBC lifespan affects anemia, and vomiting causes alkalosis, not acidosis.
Question 2 of 5
Which statement by the client provides the best evidence that he understands the potential side effects associated with hormonal therapy? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,F
Rationale: Estradiol can cause gynecomastia (breast enlargement) and weight gain, which are expected side effects.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is discharging a client with a healthcare facility acquired urinary tract infection. Which information should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Completing the full course of antibiotics prevents recurrence and resistance in UTIs. Limiting fluids increases infection risk, routine cultures are unnecessary, and voiding every 2–3 hours is preferred.
Question 4 of 5
The client is NPO and is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) via a subclavian line. Which precautions should the nurse implement? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: TPN requires an IV pump for precise delivery, frequent glucose monitoring due to high dextrose content, and intake/output monitoring to assess fluid balance. Weekly weights and tubing changes every 3 days are less critical or incorrect.
Question 5 of 5
The client with CKD is placed on a fluid restriction of 1,500 mL/day. On the 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. shift the client drank an eight (8)-ounce cup of coffee, 4 ounces of juice, 12 ounces of tea, and 2 ounces of water with medications. What amount of fluid can the 7 p.m. to 7 a.m. nurse give to the client?
Correct Answer: 720 mL
Rationale: Convert ounces to mL (1 oz ≈ 30 mL): Coffee: 8 oz = 240 mL, Juice: 4 oz = 120 mL, Tea: 12 oz = 360 mL, Water: 2 oz = 60 mL.
Total consumed: 240 + 120 + 360 + 60 = 780 mL. Daily limit: 1,500 mL. Remaining: 1,500 - 780 = 720 mL.