NCLEX-PN
Gastrointestinal NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is assigned to four clients who were diagnosed with gastric ulcers. Which client should be the nurse’s priority when monitoring for GI bleeding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A. The presence of H. pylori has not been proven to predispose to GI bleeding. B. Although alcohol is associated with gastric mucosal injury, its causative role in bleeding is unclear. C. It is most important for the nurse to monitor the 70-year-old client who is taking aspirin. The client has two risk factors for GI bleeding: age and taking aspirin. D. Pregnancy and acetaminophen usage do not predispose to GI bleeding.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing to care for the client diagnosed with hepatitis A. Which interventions should the nurse plan to include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Clients with viral hepatitis should avoid all alcohol and all medications containing acetaminophen, not just limit their use. B. Clients should eat small, frequent meals with a high-carbohydrate, moderate-fat, and moderate-protein content. C. It is not necessary to wear a mask when caring for an individual with hepatitis A. A gown and gloves should be worn when in contact with blood and body fluids. D. Rest is an essential intervention to decrease the liver’s metabolic demands and increase its blood supply. Rest should be alternated with periods of activity to prevent complications and to restore health.
Question 3 of 5
After Billroth II surgery (gastrojejunostomy), the client experiences weakness, diaphoresis, anxiety, and palpitations 2 hours after a high-carbohydrate meal. The nurse should interpret that these symptoms indicate the development of which problem?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Although steatorrhea may occur after gastric resection, the symptoms of steatorrhea include fatty stools with a foul odor, not these symptoms. B. The symptoms of duodenal reflux are abdominal pain and vomiting, not these symptoms. Duodenal reflux is not associated with food intake. C. Symptoms of fluid overload would include increased BP, edema, and weight gain, not these symptoms. D. When eating large amounts of carbohydrates at a meal, the rapid glucose absorption from the chime results in hyperglycemia. This elevated glucose stimulates insulin production, which then causes an abrupt lowering of the blood glucose level. Hypoglycemic symptoms of weakness, diaphoresis, anxiety, and palpitations occur.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for the client with a Zenker’s diverticulum. Which problem should be the nurse’s priority?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A. The client may have difficulty with heartburn, but this does not take priority over aspiration. B. Zenker’s diverticulum is an outpouching of the esophagus near the hypopharyngeal sphincter. Food can become trapped in the diverticula and cause aspiration. C. Constipation is not a concern with Zenker’s diverticulum. D. The client may have weight loss, but this does not take priority over aspiration.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is admitting the client with gastric cancer to an oncology unit for treatment. Which assessment finding should prompt the nurse to review the medical record to determine whether the cancer may have metastasized to the peritoneal cavity?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Nausea is a sign of gastric outlet obstruction or impending hemorrhage. B. Grey Turner’s sign is a symptom of pancreatitis, not metastasis. C. Weight loss is an initial sign associated with cancer. D. The presence of ascites indicates seeding of the tumor in the peritoneal cavity.