NCLEX-PN
Hematology NCLEX Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is assessing an African American client diagnosed with sickle cell crisis. Which assessment datum is most pertinent when assessing for cyanosis in clients with dark skin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oral mucosa (
A) is the best site to assess cyanosis in dark skin, showing dusky color. Metatarsals (
B) and sclera (
D) are less reliable, and capillary refill (
C) assesses perfusion.
Question 2 of 5
Which collaborative treatment would the nurse anticipate for the client diagnosed with DIC?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Frozen plasma (
C) replaces clotting factors in DIC. Oral anticoagulants (
A) worsen bleeding, plasmapheresis (
B) is rare, and I&O (
D) is routine.
Question 3 of 5
The client who received 50 mL from a unit of whole blood has low back pain. In response to this client’s symptom, which action should be taken by the nurse first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Repositioning focuses on treating the client’s back pain and not on the blood transfusion, which could be the cause of the back pain. B. Further assessment should occur after stopping the blood transfusion. C. The client may need an analgesic for pain control, but this should occur after stopping the blood transfusion. D. Low back pain is a symptom of a potentially life-threatening acute hemolytic reaction. The pain is caused from agglutination of RBCs in the kidneys and renal vasoconstriction. Hemolytic reactions occur most often within the first 50 mL of the infusion.
Question 4 of 5
A young man who has infectious mononucleosis asks what the treatment is for his condition. What is the best response for the nurse to make?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rest and good nutrition support recovery from infectious mononucleosis, a viral illness with no specific antiviral or steroid treatment.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is teaching self-care measures to the client hospitalized with HP. Which measures should the nurse plan to include?
Correct Answer: B, C, D
Rationale: Dental floss can traumatize the gums and increase the risk for bleeding. B. Because the client is at risk for bleeding due to low platelet counts, measures to decrease the risk of bleeding should be implemented, such as using an electric razor. C. Throw rugs and clutter increase the risk for falls with subsequent bleeding. D. Fiber and fluids help prevent constipation. Constipation can lead to hemorrhoids and increase the risk for bleeding. E. Platelet transfusions are usually avoided because the person’s antiplatelet antibodies bind with the transfused platelets, causing them to be destroyed.