NCLEX-PN
Respiratory NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is assessing a 79-year-old client diagnosed with pneumonia. Which signs and symptoms should the nurse expect to assess in the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elderly pneumonia patients often present with confusion/lethargy (
A) due to hypoxia. Fever/chills (
B) are less common in the elderly, frothy sputum/edema (
C) suggest heart failure, and bradypnea/JVD (
D) are unrelated.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer the oral anticoagulant warfarin (Coumadin) to a client who has a PT/PTT of 22/39 and an INR of 2.8. What action should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: INR 2.8 (
C) is therapeutic for PE (2–3), so administer warfarin. Bleeding assessment (
A) is routine, vitamin K (
B) reverses overdose, and increasing dose (
D) is unnecessary.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is admitted with pneumonia. Sputum cultures show that the patient is infected with a gram positive bacterium. The patient is allergic to Penicillin. Which medication would the patient most likely be prescribed?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For gram-positive bacterial pneumonia in a penicillin-allergic patient, macrolides like azithromycin are commonly prescribed due to their efficacy and safety. Cephalosporins may cross-react with penicillin allergies, Penicillin G is contraindicated, and Tamiflu is for viral infections.
Question 4 of 5
A patient receiving medical treatment for an active tuberculosis infection asks when she can starting going out in public again. You respond that she is no longer contagious when:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A patient with active TB is considered non-contagious after three consecutive negative sputum cultures, indicating no viable bacteria. Symptom improvement, medication duration, or normal X-rays alone do not confirm non-contagiousness.
Question 5 of 5
You're assisting your patient who has asthma to bed. The patient is experiencing a frequent cough and chest tightness. You auscultate the patient's lung fields and note expiratory wheezes. The patient's peak flow rate is 78% less than their best peak flow reading. Which medication will provide the patient with the fastest relief from these signs and symptoms of an asthma attack?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist that provides rapid bronchodilation, making it the fastest-acting medication for acute asthma symptoms.