NCLEX-RN
Medical Surgical NCLEX RN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is administering a medication to a client with myeloid leukemia and does not know the use, dose, or side effects. To obtain the most up-to-date information about this drug, the nurse should:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The hospital's drug guide on the nurse's PDA provides the most up-to-date and accessible information on medication use, dose, and side effects, tailored to hospital protocols. PDR and textbooks may be outdated, and manufacturer websites are less reliable for clinical use.
Question 2 of 5
What is the main reason desflurane (Suprane) and sevoflurane (Ultane), volatile liquid anesthesia agents, are used for surgical clients who go home the day of surgery?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Desflurane and sevoflurane are rapidly eliminated, allowing quicker recovery and discharge, which is ideal for same-day surgery patients.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following increases the risk of having a large abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: High blood pressure increases wall stress in a large abdominal aortic aneurysm, elevating the risk of rupture per Laplace's law (wall tension ˆ pressure × radius). Anemia, dehydration, and hyperglycemia do not directly increase rupture risk.
Question 4 of 5
A client is admitted to the unit with a diagnosis of thrombophlebitis and deep vein thrombosis of the right leg. A loading dose of heparin has been given in the emergency room, and I.V. heparin will be continued for the next several days. The nurse should develop a plan of care for this client that will involve:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Heparin therapy for DVT requires monitoring aPTT to ensure therapeutic anticoagulation (1.5–2.5 times baseline). INR is less relevant for heparin but may be monitored if transitioning to warfarin. Aspirin is not typically used, and green leafy vegetables (high in vitamin K) may affect warfarin, not heparin.
Question 5 of 5
A client has undergone a cystectomy and an ileal conduit diversion. What should the nurse incorporate into the discharge instructions? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: An adequate fluid intake aids in the prevention of urinary calculi and infection. Odor-producing foods should be avoided as they can affect the client's lifestyle and relationships. Minimizing activities can lead to urinary stasis, promoting infection. Alkaline urine may increase infection risk, and snug clothing is not recommended as it may irritate the stoma.