NCLEX-RN
Free NCLEX RN Questions on Health Promotion and Maintenance Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse has provided instructions to a new mother with a urinary tract infection regarding foods and fluids to consume that will acidify the urine. The nurse determines that further teaching is needed if the mother indicates that which fluid will acidify the urine?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Acidification of the urine inhibits the multiplication of bacteria. Carbonated drinks should be avoided because they increase urine alkalinity. Fluids that acidify the urine include prune, apricot, and cranberry juice.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse has taught the client with pleurisy about measures to promote comfort during recuperation. The nurse determines that the client has understood the information if the client states the need to follow which instruction?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The client with pleurisy should splint the chest wall during coughing and deep breathing. Taking small, shallow breaths promotes atelectasis. The client should take medication cautiously so that adequate coughing and deep breathing are performed and an adequate level of comfort is maintained. The client may also lie on the affected side to minimize the movement of the affected chest wall.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to care for the mother of a preterm infant. When should the nurse plan to begin discharge planning?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Discharge planning begins at admission of the preterm infant. The determination of the services, needs, supplies, and equipment requirements should not be made on the day of discharge. Beginning planning during labor is incorrect because the outcome of the delivery is not known. At discharge or when the parents feel comfortable caring for their infant are incorrect because these times are much too late to make the plans that need to be made.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse teaches a client at risk for coronary artery disease about lifestyle changes needed to reduce his risks. The nurse determines that the client understands these necessary lifestyle changes if the client makes which statements?
Correct Answer: B,C,D,F
Rationale: Coronary artery disease affects the arteries that provide blood, oxygen, and nutrients to the myocardium. Modifiable risk factors include elevated serum cholesterol levels, cigarette smoking, hypertension, impaired glucose tolerance, obesity, physical inactivity, and stress. The client is instructed to stop smoking (not cut down), and the nurse should provide the client with resources to do so. The client is also instructed to maintain a normal weight and include physical activity in the daily schedule. The client needs to limit sodium intake and foods high in cholesterol, including red meat and cheese. The client must follow up with regular primary health care provider appointments for physical examinations and monitoring blood pressure.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse provides home care instructions to a client diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome. The nurse determines that the client understands the hospital discharge instructions if the client makes which statement?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cushing's syndrome results in an increased secretion of cortisol. Cortisol stimulates the secretion of gastric acid, and this can result in the development of peptic ulcers and gastrointestinal bleeding. The client should be encouraged to eat potassium-rich foods to correct the hypokalemia that occurs with this disorder. Cushing's syndrome does not affect temperature changes in the lower extremities. Aspirin can increase the risk for gastric bleeding and skin bruising.