NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Medical Surgical Practice Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse has calculated a low PaO2/FIO2 (P/F) ratio <150 for a client with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The nurse should place the client in which position to improve oxygenation, ventilation distribution, and drainage of secretions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Prone positioning in ARDS with a low P/F ratio (<150) improves oxygenation, ventilation distribution, and secretion drainage by recruiting dependent lung regions. Other positions are less effective.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is assessing a client with a cast for compartment syndrome. Which finding is most indicative?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Numbness is a key sign of compartment syndrome, indicating nerve compression requiring urgent intervention.
Question 3 of 5
A client has been diagnosed with vasospastic disorder (Raynaud's phenomenon) on the tip of the nose and fingertips. The physician has prescribed reserpine (Serpasil) to determine if the client will obtain relief. The client's history reveals that he lives in Vermont and works outside in the logging industry. He smokes two packs of cigarettes a day. Which of the following components are an important part of the discharge plan for this client? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Rationales:
A) Stopping smoking reduces vasoconstriction triggered by nicotine, critical in Raynaud's.
B) Face covering and gloves protect against cold, a trigger for vasospasm.
D) Working in a warm environment minimizes cold exposure. E) Reserpine may cause orthostatic hypotension, requiring monitoring.
C) Cool water worsens vasospasm; warm water is recommended.
Question 4 of 5
A client with allergic rhinitis asks the nurse what he should do to decrease his symptoms. Which of the following instructions would be appropriate for the nurse to give the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Keeping a symptom diary helps identify triggers for allergic rhinitis, enabling avoidance or management strategies. Overuse of decongestant sprays can cause rebound congestion. Antibiotics are ineffective for allergic rhinitis, which is not bacterial. Increased activity like walking does not directly alleviate allergic rhinitis symptoms.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing a community education program about preventing hepatitis B infection. Which of the following would be appropriate to incorporate into the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Condom use (
D) prevents hepatitis B transmission via sexual contact. Hepatitis B is not uncommon in college students (
A). Alcohol (
B) is unrelated to hepatitis B transmission. Hygiene (
C) is less effective than barrier protection.