NCLEX-PN
Hematologic System NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse assesses that the client with hemolytic anemia has weakness, fatigue, malaise, and skin and mucous membrane pallor. Which finding should the nurse also associate with hemolytic anemia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Jaundice occurs in hemolytic anemia from the shortened life span of the RBC and the breakdown of Hgb. About 80% of heme is converted to bilirubin, conjugated in the liver, and excreted in the bile. The increased bilirubin in the blood causes the jaundice. B. A smooth, red tongue is seen with iron-deficiency anemia. C. A craving for ice is seen with iron-deficiency anemia. D. Folate deficiency occurs in people who rarely eat fresh vegetables.
Question 2 of 5
The client with a primary diagnosis of liver cancer with metastases to the lung is hospitalized with severe dyspnea. The nurse is preparing the client for radiation of the upper chest. Which nursing conclusion about the purpose of radiation therapy for this client is correct?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Radiation of the upper chest would have no effect on the liver located in the abdominal cavity. B. Preventing future cancer development is not the intention of radiation therapy for this client. C. Radiation therapy reduces size of tumors but would not be expected to cure cancer in this client. D. Primary liver tumors commonly metastasize to the lung, which can cause obstructive symptoms. In this client, radiation therapy to the lung would be used as a palliative care modality to help relieve distressing symptoms such as dyspnea.
Question 3 of 5
The client is diagnosed with Hodgkin’s disease. Which data are diagnostic for Hodgkin’s disease?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Reed-Sternberg cells on biopsy (
C) are diagnostic for Hodgkin’s. Night sweats/fever (
A) and weight loss/nodes (
D) are supportive, and cavitation (
B) suggests TB.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse discusses the self-care guidelines to minimize the side effects of radiation on the skin. Which actions to reduce radiation skin reactions should the nurse explain to the client?
Correct Answer: A, D, F,
Rationale: Wearing loose-fitting, soft clothing over the treated skin is a recommended skin-care activity to reduce radiation skin reactions. B. The use of an electric, not a straight-edged, razor for shaving a treated area is recommended. C. Clients are advised to avoid swimming in chlorinated water. D. Using only skin-care products suggested by the radiation staff is a recommended skin-care activity to reduce radiation skin reactions. E. Clients are advised to delay the application of skin-care products within 4 hours of radiation treatment. F. Washing the treated area gently with lukewarm water and mild soap is a recommended skin-care activity to reduce radiation skin reactions.
Question 5 of 5
The client is diagnosed with polycythemia vera. The nurse would prepare to perform which intervention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Polycythemia vera requires phlebotomy (
C) to reduce blood viscosity. Transfusions (
A) worsen hyperviscosity, petechiae (
B) are for thrombocytopenia, and Hb/Hct (
D) are elevated.