NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The HCP prescribed a dose of acetaminophen according to weight recommendations for the child weighing 48 lb. The package insert states that the recommended dose is 15 mg per kg. What dose should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: 327
Rationale: First change 48 lb into kilograms (48 / 2.2 = 21.8 kg). Next determine the dose (21.8 kg x 15 = 327 mg). The child should receive 327 mg of acetaminophen (Tylenol).
Question 2 of 5
The LPN is teaching a 25-year-old client about HPV. Which statements made by the client indicate understanding of the teaching? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: HPV infection is common and most adults will have HPV at some point in their life. It can be transmitted via skin-to-skin contact as well through vaginal, anal, or oral sex. HPV infections can cause cancer, though most infections will disappear within two years. Transmission of HPV can occur even if someone is not symptomatic of infection. The HPV vaccine is recommended for children age 9 up to adults age 26. The only way to help prevent sexual transmission of HPV between partners is with condom use.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse applies a fentanyl transdermal patch to the client for the first time. Shortly after application, the client is experiencing pain. Which nursing action is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A: Removing the patch is unnecessary; effective analgesia may take 12 to 24 hours. B: The nurse should administer a short-acting opioid analgesic. When the first fentanyl (Duragesic) transdermal patch is applied, effective analgesia may take 12 to 24 hours because absorption is slow. C: Transdermal patches should not be rubbed to enhance absorption; it can cause the delivery of the medication to fluctuate. D: It is premature to request a higher dose of fentanyl.
Question 4 of 5
Oral ranitidine 2 mg/kg twice daily is prescribed for the infant weighing 16 lb 8 oz. The medication is supplied as 15 mg/mL. How many milliliters should the nurse instruct the parent to withdraw in the syringe provided with the ranitidine to administer one dose?
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale: Use a proportion formula to calculate the dose. First determine the dose for the child's weight: 16 lb 8 ounces = 16.5 lb/ 2.2 lb/kg = 7.5 kg. Next determine the prescribed dose: 7.5 kg x 2 mg = 15 mg. The medication is supplied in 15 mg per 1 mL. The dose to administer is 1 mL of ranitidine (Zantac).
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing to care for the 14-month-old newly hospitalized toddler with bacterial gastroenteritis and severe dehydration. Which initial collaborative interventions should the nurse expect to implement? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,C,F
Rationale: A: Antibiotics may be prescribed to treat bacterial gastroenteritis to ensure complete recovery. B: Oral fluid rehydration will be initiated later, but not initially, when the toddler presents with severe dehydration. C: The child who presents with severe dehydration needs IV therapy to stabilize the balance of fluids and electrolytes. D: The pain and discomfort the toddler will have are due to fever and cramping from the GI illness; thus, analgesics are usually not prescribed. E: An antidiarrheal medication is contraindicated. F: Fever is often a symptom of gastroenteritis. Ensuring that the fever is controlled will provide some comfort.