NCLEX-PN
Hematologic System NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client with a primary diagnosis of liver cancer with metastases to the lung is hospitalized with severe dyspnea. The nurse is preparing the client for radiation of the upper chest. Which nursing conclusion about the purpose of radiation therapy for this client is correct?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Radiation of the upper chest would have no effect on the liver located in the abdominal cavity. B. Preventing future cancer development is not the intention of radiation therapy for this client. C. Radiation therapy reduces size of tumors but would not be expected to cure cancer in this client. D. Primary liver tumors commonly metastasize to the lung, which can cause obstructive symptoms. In this client, radiation therapy to the lung would be used as a palliative care modality to help relieve distressing symptoms such as dyspnea.
Question 2 of 5
The client with O+ blood is in need of an emergency transfusion but the laboratory does not have any O+ blood available. Which potential unit of blood could be given to the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: O- is the universal donor (
A), safe for O+ clients. A+ (
B), B+ (
C), and other Rh+ (
D) risk reactions due to antigens.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse assesses the client diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia. Which finding should be the nurse’s priority for implementing interventions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Pain control is priority. The altered VS (other than temperature) could be related to pain. B. Weakness and fatigue are due to anemia and also the disease process. It is important to allow rest, but if pain is not controlled the client may not be able to rest. C. The temperature warrants further monitoring because it could indicate a developing infection; the other VS may decrease if pain is controlled. D. Ecchymosis and petechiae are associated with low platelet counts. The nurse should check the laboratory report for the platelet level, but this is an assessment and not an intervention.
Question 4 of 5
The client is symptomatic with a Hgb of 7.8 g/dL, but refuses blood and blood products transfusions for religious reasons. The nurse should prepare the client that the HCP may prescribe which alternatives?
Correct Answer: A, B,
Rationale: Epoetin alfa (erythropoietin growth factor; Procrit) promotes erythropoiesis (production of RBCs), thus decreasing the need for transfusions. B. Folic acid promotes erythropoiesis and production of WBCs and platelets. C. Albumin is a blood product. D. Platelets are blood products. E. Plasma is a blood product. F. Granulocytes are blood products.
Question 5 of 5
The client is diagnosed with severe iron-deficiency anemia. Which statement is the scientific rationale regarding oral replacement therapy?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oral iron has low absorption (
D), requiring high doses. Side effects (
A) include GI upset, IV (
B) is for severe cases, and diarrhea (
C) is not primary (constipation is common).