NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Gastrointestinal Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client with a diagnosis of rule-out colon cancer is two (2) hours post-sigmoidoscopy procedure. Which assessment data warrant immediate intervention by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Low BP (96/60) and tachycardia (pulse 108) suggest hypovolemia or bleeding post-sigmoidoscopy, requiring immediate intervention. Hyperactive bowel sounds, eating, and sleepiness are less urgent.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse has administered an antibiotic, a proton pump inhibitor, and Pepto-Bismol for peptic ulcer disease secondary to H. pylori. Which data would indicate to the nurse the medications are effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A decrease in gastric distress (e.g., epigastric pain) indicates effective treatment of H. pylori and ulcer healing. Lifestyle changes like reduced alcohol or bland diets support treatment but are not direct indicators of medication efficacy.
Question 3 of 5
The client with a new colostomy is being discharged. Which statement made by the client indicates the need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A liquid-only diet is unnecessary; a regular diet can be resumed as tolerated unless otherwise specified, as colostomies begin functioning soon after surgery. The other statements reflect correct colostomy care.
Question 4 of 5
The clinic nurse is returning client calls. Which client should the nurse call first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vomiting in a type 1 diabetic risks diabetic ketoacidosis, a medical emergency, requiring immediate attention. Headache, warfarin refill, and food insecurity are less urgent.
Question 5 of 5
Which sign/symptom should the nurse expect to find in a client diagnosed with ulcerative colitis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ulcerative colitis commonly causes frequent bloody stools due to inflammation and ulceration of the colon mucosa. Fever may occur but is less specific, a hard abdomen suggests complications like perforation, and urinary incontinence is unrelated.