NCLEX-PN
NCLEX PN 2023 Quizlet Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client seeks advice from the nurse regarding issues with flatus due to colostomy. Which food should the nurse recommend?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is yogurt. Yogurt can help reduce gas formation in clients with a colostomy. High-fiber foods like bran can stimulate peristalsis and increase flatulence, which is not helpful in this situation. Cruciferous vegetables, such as cabbage, broccoli, and kale, and beans tend to increase gas formation. Carbonated beverages, along with smoking, chewing gum, and drinking fluids with a straw, can also increase gas formation.
Therefore, the nurse should recommend yogurt to help alleviate the client's issues with flatus.
Question 2 of 5
What are the major electrolytes in the extracellular fluid?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is sodium and chloride. These two electrolytes are the major components of extracellular fluid. Potassium and phosphate (
Choice
B) are not the major electrolytes in the extracellular fluid. Potassium is primarily an intracellular ion, and phosphate is more abundant in the intracellular fluid and bones. Sodium and phosphate (
Choice
D) are also not the major electrolytes in the extracellular fluid. Chloride plays a crucial role in maintaining electrolyte balance and is predominantly found in extracellular fluid alongside sodium.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following terms refers to soft tissue injury caused by blunt force?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A contusion is a soft tissue injury caused by blunt force. It is an injury that does not break the skin, caused by a blow, and characterized by swelling, discoloration, and pain. The immediate application of cold might limit the development of a contusion. A strain is a muscle pull from overuse, overstretching, or excessive stress. A sprain is caused by a wrenching or twisting motion. A dislocation is a condition where the articular surfaces of the bones forming a joint are no longer in anatomical contact.
Therefore, the correct answer is 'contusion' as it specifically relates to soft tissue injury caused by blunt force.
Question 4 of 5
The chemotherapeutic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is ordered for a client as an adjunct measure to surgery. Which statement about chemotherapy is true?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is that chemotherapy is a systemic treatment affecting both tumor and normal cells. 5-FU, as an antimetabolic drug, inhibits DNA synthesis and interferes with cell replication systemically. It affects all rapidly growing cells, including malignant and normal ones. This drug is used as adjuvant therapy for various cancers.
Choice A is incorrect because chemotherapy affects both tumor and normal cells, not just tumor cells.
Choice C is incorrect as chemotherapy has been proven effective in treating cancer.
Choice D is incorrect because chemotherapy often causes side effects like bone marrow depression, anorexia, stomatitis, nausea, and vomiting.
Question 5 of 5
A 20-year-old obese female client is preparing to have gastric bypass surgery for weight loss. She says to the nurse, "I need this surgery because nothing else I have done has helped me to lose weight."? Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most appropriate response by the nurse is to show respect and empathy towards the client's decision. Option D acknowledges the client's autonomy and decision-making process, fostering a therapeutic relationship. Options A, B, and C are insensitive and unprofessional. Option A implies a financial incentive for weight loss, which can be perceived as disrespectful and trivializing the client's concerns. Option B suggests an alternative method without considering the client's reasons for choosing surgery, potentially invalidating her experiences. Option C recommends a specific diet without addressing the client's concerns or choices, neglecting her autonomy in decision-making.