NCLEX-RN
Free NCLEX RN Questions for Med Surg Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client's serum potassium level is elevated in acute renal failure, and the nurse administers sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate). This drug acts to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kayexalate exchanges sodium for potassium in the colon, reducing serum potassium levels in acute renal failure.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse should teach the client with diverticulitis to integrate which of the following into a daily routine at home?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Refraining from straining and lifting activities prevents increased intra-abdominal pressure, reducing the risk of diverticulitis complications. Enemas, decreased fluid, or high-fiber diets during acute symptoms can worsen the condition. CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Synthesize
Question 3 of 5
A client with Parkinson's disease needs a long time to complete her morning hygiene, but she becomes annoyed when the nurse offers assistance and refuses all help. Which action is the nurse's best initial response in this situation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Praising independence and providing extra time respects the client's autonomy while supporting her efforts. Forcing help, labeling her unrealistic, or suggesting modifications may undermine her dignity.
Question 4 of 5
A client is admitted with a 6.5-cm thoracic aneurysm. The nurse records findings from the initial assessment in the client's chart, as shown below. At 10:30 a.m., the client complains of sharp midchest pain after having a bowel movement. What should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sharp midchest pain in a client with a thoracic aneurysm suggests possible dissection or rupture, a life-threatening emergency. Assessing vital signs (e.g., hypotension, tachycardia) first provides critical data to guide action. Fluid bolus, neurologic assessment, or contacting the physician follow based on findings.
Question 5 of 5
Following a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy, the nurse should assess the client for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A CSF leak is a potential complication of transsphenoidal hypophysectomy due to the surgical approach through the sphenoid sinus, requiring careful monitoring.