NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Questions Medical Surgical Nursing Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client's serum potassium level is elevated in acute renal failure, and the nurse administers sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate). This drug acts to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kayexalate exchanges sodium for potassium in the colon, reducing serum potassium levels in acute renal failure.
Question 2 of 5
Thirty-two children are brought to the emergency department after a school bus accident. Two children were killed along with the three people in the car that caused the crash. Before the victims arrive, in addition to ensuring that the hospital staff are prepared for the emergency, which step should the nurse anticipate carrying out?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A crisis response team is essential to provide psychological support to victims, families, and staff following a traumatic event like a school bus accident with fatalities.
Question 3 of 5
A client is being switched from levodopa (L-dopa) to carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet). The nurse should monitor for which of the following possible complications during medication changes and dosage adjustment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Jaundice may indicate hepatotoxicity, a rare but serious complication of levodopa or carbidopa-levodopa. Euphoria, motor fluctuations, and diabetes are not primary concerns during this switch.
Question 4 of 5
Before abdominal surgery for an intestinal obstruction, the nurse monitors the client's urine output and finds the total output for the past 2 hours was 35 mL. The nurse then assesses the client's total intake and output over the last 24 hours and notes that he had 2,000 mL of I.V. fluid for intake, 500 mL of drainage from the nasogastric tube, and 700 mL of urine for a total output of 1,200 mL. This would indicate which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The low urine output (35 mL in 2 hours) and a 24-hour output (1,200 mL) less than intake (2,000 mL) suggest inadequate fluid replacement, as the body is retaining fluid or losing it through vomiting and NG drainage. Decreased renal function, pain, or obstruction extension are less directly indicated. CN: Physiological adaptation; CL: Analyze
Question 5 of 5
A client was admitted to the hospital with iron deficiency anemia and blood-streaked emesis. Which question is most appropriate for the nurse to ask in determining the extent of the client's activity intolerance?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To assess activity intolerance, the nurse should compare the client's current activity level with their previous capabilities. Asking about specific activities performed 6 months ago versus now provides concrete data on the extent of intolerance. The other questions are less specific and do not directly quantify changes in activity capacity.