NCLEX-PN
Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client is taking metolazone and diltiazem for treatment of hypertension. Which statement made by the client to the nurse indicates further teaching is needed?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A: Consuming foods daily that are high in potassium is recommended. Thiazide diuretics such as metolazone (Zaroxolyn) can result in hypokalemia. B: The diuretic metolazone (Zaroxolyn) should not be taken at bedtime to avoid nocturia and the subsequent loss of sleep. C: The client should not consume grapefruit juice because it inhibits the metabolism of diltiazem (Cardizem) and can cause toxicity. This client statement indicates the need for further teaching. D: NSAIDs such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) can decrease the diuretic and antihypertensive effects of thiazide diuretics.
Question 2 of 5
The 9-year-old with SLE is receiving large doses of prednisolone. Which laboratory finding should the nurse recognize as an untoward effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A: The liver is not affected by prednisolone use, so an increased total bilirubin of 4 mg/dL is not related to the use of the drug. Normal total bilirubin in a 9-year-old should be less than 2 mg/dL. B: A WBC count of 18,000/mm3 may indicate an infection, an untoward effect of prednisolone (Omnipred). Prednisolone, a corticosteroid used to reduce inflammation, may increase the risk of infection. The normal WBC in a 9-year-old is 4500-11,100/mm3. C: Prednisolone has been associated with the adverse effect of hypokalemia, but not hyponatremia. Normal serum sodium is 135-145 mEq/L. D: Although corticosteroids may have the effect of increasing blood glucose, a random glucose of 130 mg/dL is not abnormal.
Question 3 of 5
When caring for pediatric clients, the nurse should pay special attention to the psychosocial development stages credited to ?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Erik Erikson is credited with the psychosocial development theory and eight stages. The nurse should take these stages into account when caring for pediatric clients to assess their development. Jean Piaget is responsible for cognitive development. Sigmund Freud is responsible for psychosexual development. Robert Peck is responsible for aging theory.
Question 4 of 5
The client taking rifampin brings a sample of urine that is orange in color to the clinic. Which interventions should the nurse implement? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: A: A C&S is unnecessary because orange-colored urine is a normal finding in the client taking rifampin. B: The nurse should reassure the client that orange-colored urine is a normal finding in the client taking rifampin (Rifadin). C: The nurse should teach the client that the orange-colored urine and sweat can stain clothing and that the client should consider wearing nonwhite clothing or using undergarments if sweating is excessive. D: It is unnecessary to question continuation of rifampin if the urine is orange-colored because this is a normal finding. E: The nurse should inform the client that other body fluids, such as tears, sweat, and saliva, can also turn orange-colored with the use of rifampin (Rifadin).
Question 5 of 5
The severely depressed client tells the nurse, “I don't need these antidepressants; they're too expensive! I'm going to use St. John's wort instead.†Which is the most appropriate response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: St. John's wort has not been clinically proven effective for severe depression.