NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Neurological Disorders Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client is in the terminal stage of ALS. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In terminal ALS, passive ROM every 2 hours (
A) prevents contractures and maintains comfort. Negative nitrogen balance (
B) is undesirable, low-protein diets (
C) are not indicated, and coughing/deep breathing (
D) may be infeasible.
Question 2 of 5
When planning care for a client with a stroke, which goal is most appropriate for addressing dysphagia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Swallowing soft foods without choking is a realistic and safe goal for managing dysphagia in stroke clients.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is teaching the client who is scheduled for an outpatient EEG. Which instruction should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In an EEG, electrodes are placed on the scalp over multiple areas of the brain to detect and record patterns of electrical activity. Preparation includes clean hair without any objects in the hair to prevent inaccurate test results. The client should not be NPO since a usual glucose level is important for normal brain functioning. The scalp will not be shaved; the electrodes are applied with paste. There is no indication to have a serum glucose drawn before the test.
Question 4 of 5
The home health nurse evaluates the foot care of the dark-skinned African client who has peripheral neuropathy. Which client actions in providing foot care are appropriate? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Using a mirror allows for visual inspection of the bottom of the feet and between the toes for areas of skin breakdown. Keeping the skin adequately lubricated with lotion prevents drying and cracking. Lotion should not be applied between the toes because it increases moisture and the risk for infection. Clients should avoid going barefoot because this increases the risk for foot injury. Wearing appropriate clothing protects the skin from injury because sensation is diminished with peripheral neuropathy.
Toenails should be trimmed straight across to avoid damaging the tissue, which is slow to heal in the presence of peripheral neuropathy. In a dark-skinned client, areas of inflammation may appear purplish-blue or violet rather than appearing reddened (erythematous).
Question 5 of 5
When planning for the client's discharge after the diskectomy and spinal fusion, the nurse should include which instructions? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,C,F
Rationale: Avoiding twisting, prolonged sitting, and monitoring for neurological changes (e.g., color changes) promote recovery and prevent complications.