NCLEX-PN
Respiratory NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The client admitted for recurrent aspiration pneumonia is at risk for bronchiectasis. Which intervention should the nurse anticipate the health-care provider to order?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Recurrent aspiration pneumonia predisposes to bronchiectasis due to chronic airway damage. Turning, coughing, and deep breathing (
D) prevent secretion stasis and further infections. Antibiotics (
A) treat active infection, not prevention. TPN (
B) is for malnutrition, not directly related. Dietary restrictions (
C) are irrelevant.
Question 2 of 5
Which arterial blood gas (ABG) results support the diagnosis of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after the client has received O2 at 10 LPM?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ARDS is characterized by severe hypoxemia despite high oxygen delivery. Pao2 59 (
C) despite 10 LPM oxygen indicates refractory hypoxia, a hallmark of ARDS. Normal Pao2 (94 in A and
D) contradicts ARDS. Pao2 82 (
B) is low but not as severe as 59, making C the best indicator of ARDS.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for the client diagnosed with end-stage COPD. Which data warrant immediate intervention by the nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rusty sputum (
D) suggests hemoptysis or infection, a critical finding in end-stage COPD. SpO2 92% (
A), PaO2 74 (
B), and SOB (
C) are expected but less urgent.
Question 4 of 5
Which priority intervention should the nurse implement for the client diagnosed with coal workers' pneumoconiosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Black-streaked sputum (
B) is a hallmark of coal workers' pneumoconiosis due to coal dust deposition, making its assessment a priority to confirm disease impact. Intake/output (
A) is non-specific. Daily WBC counts (
C) are unnecessary unless infection is suspected. Activity level (
D) is secondary to symptom assessment.
Question 5 of 5
A patient's D-dimer result is <500 ng/mL (FEU). The nurse knows that the D-dimer assesses and this result means?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A d-dimer test assess fibrin degradation fragment. This test doesn't tell us where the clot may be (so it not specific) so it will need to be further investigated by the MD and a positive result doesn't necessarily mean the patient has a clot because some disease processes can cause a false positive. Also, a normal d-dimer is <500 ng/mL (FEU). However, it depends on how the lab reports the assay cut-off value for the d-dimer. Some labs have a cutoff <250 ng/mL (D-DU). However, <500 ng/mL (FEU) is equivalent to <250 ng/mL (D-DU).