NCLEX-PN
MSC NCLEX Physiological Integrity Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The best lab test to diagnose disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The D-dimer test specifically detects fibrin degradation products, indicating DIC's characteristic clotting and fibrinolysis. Other tests are less specific.
Question 2 of 5
Which spot is the safest place to administer an IM injection to an infant? Select the correct corresponding letter from the attached graphic.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The vastus lateralis muscle, highlighted by the letter B, should be used in infants as the muscle tends to be thickest in this area.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the medications for all assigned clients on an inpatient psychiatric unit. The nurse anticipates assessing for extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) in clients taking which antipsychotic medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Haloperidol (Haldol), a conventional antipsychotic, has a high probability of causing EPS.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse has completed swaddling the 2-month-old infant, prepared supplies to cannulate the scalp vein for an IV infusion, and cleansed and shaved the hair at the site over the temporal bone. Place the remaining steps in the order that they should be performed by the nurse.
Order the Items
Source Container
Correct Answer: C,A,D,B,F,E
Rationale: C: Apply lidocaine/prilocaine (EML
A) cream to the site selected and unswaddle the infant after the cream application. An anesthetic cream will numb the site and help reduce the infant's pain during insertion. The infant does not need to remain swaddled while the cream reaches its therapeutic effectiveness in about an hour. A: Return in 60 minutes and reswaddle the infant in a mummy restraint. It takes about an hour for the lidocaine/prilocaine cream to reach its therapeutic effectiveness. The infant should be reswaddled to minimize movement during insertion. D: Cleanse the shaved area with an antiseptic solution. Cleansing the area with an antiseptic solution will help prevent inadvertent introduction of microorganisms into the vascular system. B: With an assistant holding the infant's head, insert a scalp vein needle and observe for blood return. Movement of the infant's head can result in loss of the vein access or a needle-stick injury to the infant or nurse. F: Initiate the infusion and cover the infusion needle with a gauze dressing. Once the vein has been successfully cannulated, the site can be dressed and IV fluids started. E: Remove the mummy restraint after initiating the infusion and comfort the infant. The mummy restraint is no longer needed after the IV catheter has been successfully inserted into a scalp vein.
Question 5 of 5
The HCP prescribes a second antihypertensive medication for the client who has poorly controlled BP on one medication. If prescribed, which medication combination should the nurse question?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A: The nurse should question this medication combination. When two medications are used to treat hypertension, each should be from different drug classifications. Atenolol (Tenormin) and metoprolol (Lopressor) are both beta-adrenergic blockers and have the same general mechanism of action. B: Metolazone (Zaroxolyn) is a thiazide-like diuretic, and valsartan (Diovan) is an ARB. C: Captopril (Capoten) is an ACE inhibitor, and furosemide (Lasix) is a loop diuretic. D: Bumetanide (Bumex) is a loop diuretic, and diltiazem (Cardizem) is a calcium channel blocker.