NCLEX-PN
Respiratory System NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Select all the correct options that represent the pathophysiology of an asthma attack.
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Asthma involves inflammation of the airway mucosa and excessive mucus production by goblet cells. Smooth muscle constriction occurs in bronchioles, not alveoli, and hyperventilation typically leads to respiratory acidosis due to CO2 retention.
Question 2 of 5
Your patient with asthma is taking Theophylline. Which product below should the patient avoid consuming?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Caffeine can increase theophylline levels, leading to toxicity, as both are xanthine derivatives.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is planning the activities for the client diagnosed with asbestosis. Which activity should the nurse schedule at 0900 if breakfast is served at 0800?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bronchodilator treatment (
B) at 0900 optimizes lung function early in the day for asbestosis patients, who have restrictive lung disease. Bathing (
A) is less urgent. A rest period (
C) may be needed later, not immediately post-breakfast. Chest physiotherapy (
D) is typically scheduled later to avoid postprandial discomfort.
Question 4 of 5
The client diagnosed with an exacerbation of COPD is in respiratory distress. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sitting upright (
A) improves lung expansion in COPD distress, a priority. Oxygen (
B), vitals (
C), and notification (
D) follow to support oxygenation and communication.
Question 5 of 5
Which instruction is priority for the nurse to discuss with the client diagnosed with ARDS who is being discharged from the hospital?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Avoiding smoke (
A) prevents further lung damage, a priority post-ARDS. Vaccines (
B) are recommended, alcohol (
C) is not restricted, and recovery time (
D) varies.