NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Medical Surgical Questions and Answers Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Of the clients listed below, who is at risk for developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA)? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Rheumatoid arthritis is more common in adults aged 20-50, has a genetic association with HLA-DR4, and may be linked to Epstein-Barr virus. Males are less likely than females to develop RA, and osteoarthritis is a distinct condition.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse asks the client to state her name as soon as she regains consciousness postoperatively after a subtotal thyroidectomy and at each assessment. The nurse does this to monitor for signs of which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Asking the client to speak monitors for laryngeal nerve damage, which can cause vocal cord paralysis and hoarseness, a potential complication of thyroidectomy.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is developing a plan to teach a client deep-breathing exercises to expand collapsed alveoli and prevent postoperative atelectasis and pneumonia. Which of the following steps should be included? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Splinting the incision (
A), slow nasal inhalation with pursed-lip exhalation (
B), holding the breath (
C), and repeating 5-10 times hourly (
D) are correct steps for deep-breathing exercises to prevent atelectasis. Closing one nostril (E) is not part of this technique.
Question 4 of 5
A client receiving a loop diuretic should be encouraged to eat which of the following foods? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Loop diuretics like furosemide cause potassium loss. Bananas (
B), dried fruit (
C), and orange juice (
D) are potassium-rich, helping prevent hypokalemia.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following nursing interventions would be most helpful in making the respiratory effort of a client with metastatic lung cancer more efficient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pursed-lip breathing helps prolong exhalation, reducing air trapping and improving respiratory efficiency in clients with metastatic lung cancer.