Health Promotion and Maintenance NCLEX RN Questions - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The parathyroid glands regulate calcium, vitamin D, and phosphorus in the body. Hyperparathyroidism leads to excessive production of parathyroid hormone, causing the release of calcium from bones into the bloodstream, resulting in elevated blood calcium levels, known as hypercalcemia. This puts individuals at risk of developing complications such as kidney stones, bone pain, osteoporosis, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. The other options, hyponatremia, hypocalcemia, and hypermagnesemia, are not directly associated with hyperparathyroidism. Hyponatremia is low sodium levels in the blood, hypocalcemia is low calcium levels, and hypermagnesemia is high magnesium levels, which are not typically seen in hyperparathyroidism.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A client with a blood glucose level of 48 mg/dl is experiencing significant hypoglycemia, as manifested by confusion, balance difficulties, and slurred speech. The nurse should work to correct this situation as rapidly as possible. The first measure that can be performed quickly and will have fast results is to give the client something to eat or drink that contains glucose, such as 6 oz. of orange juice. Administering a bolus of D20W through the IV (
Choice
B) would be too aggressive and could lead to complications in this scenario. Administering regular insulin (
Choice
C) would further lower the blood glucose level, worsening the client's symptoms. Contacting the physician (
Choice
A) is important, but immediate intervention to raise the blood glucose level is crucial to address the client's hypoglycemia.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Keeping the drainage bag lower than the bladder prevents urine backflow, reducing infection risk. The perineal area should be cleansed twice daily and after bowel movements. Adequate fluid intake is necessary to prevent infection, and coiling tubing under the thigh can obstruct drainage.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The water seal of a chest tube acts as a one-way valve. Air bubbles in the water seal indicate a leak between the client and the chamber. The nurse should briefly clamp the tube near the client's chest to locate the source of the leak. Once identified, the nurse should unclamp the tubing and notify the physician immediately.

Choice A is incorrect because air bubbles in the water seal chamber are not a normal finding and indicate a leak.
Choice B is incorrect as stripping the tubing could aggravate the issue and is not the initial appropriate action.
Choice D is incorrect as it does not address the immediate need to locate and address the leak.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Walking as tolerated is appropriate post-AAA resection, promoting circulation without straining the graft. Mowing, golf, and lifting over 15–20 pounds are prohibited for 6–12 weeks to avoid graft stress.