NCLEX-PN
NCLEX Health Promotion and Maintenance Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Mr. Lee comes to the clinic with thick green drainage around his eyelids. The nurse examiner takes his history and performs a physical examination, beginning with an eye history. General information the nurse should seek is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Data belonging in a general health history of the eye includes employment, activities, allergies, medications, lenses, and protective devices used.
Question 2 of 5
In infants and children, the side effects of first-generation over-the-counter (OTC) antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine (Benedryl) and hydroxyzine (Atarax), can include:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Typically, first-generation OTC antihistamines have a sedating effect because of passage into the CNS. However, in some individuals, especially infants and children, paradoxical CNS stimulation occurs and is manifested by excitement, euphoria, restlessness, and confusion. For this reason, use of first-generation OTC antihistamines has declined and second-generation product use has increased. Reye's syndrome is a systemic response to a virus. First-generation OTC antihistamines do not exhibit a cholinergic effect. Nausea and diarrhea are uncommon with first-generation OTC antihistamines.
Question 3 of 5
When medications have an additive, synergistic, or antagonistic effect on a tissue, a reaction has occurred.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pharmacodynamic reactions involve the effect of drugs on tissue receptors, causing additive, synergistic, or antagonistic effects.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has recently been prescribed Zidovudine (Retrovir). The patient has AIDS. Which of the following side effects should the patient specifically watch out for?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anemia and fever are associated with Zidovudine's side effects.
Question 5 of 5
Metformin (Glucophage) is administered to clients with type II diabetes mellitus. Metformin is an example of:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This antihyperglycemic agent prevents hyperglycemia by reducing hepatic glucose output and decreasing glucose absorption from the gut. A hypoglycemic drug stimulates insulin production. Metformin is not a type of insulin. Metformin is not a stimulant of any pancreatic cell.