NCLEX-PN
Nclex Exam Cram Practice Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Major competencies for the nurse giving end-of-life care include:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In providing end-of-life care, nurses must possess essential competencies. Demonstrating respect and compassion, along with applying knowledge and skills in caring for both the family and the client, are crucial competencies. These skills help create a supportive and empathetic environment for individuals facing end-of-life situations.
Choice B is incorrect because while assessing and intervening are important, they do not encompass the core competencies required for end-of-life care.
Choice C is also incorrect; although setting goals and expectations is valuable, the primary focus should be on providing compassionate care.
Choice D is incorrect as withholding sad news goes against the principles of honesty and transparency in end-of-life care.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a closed chest tube drainage system accidentally disconnects the chest tube while being turned by the nurse. What should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a chest tube becomes disconnected, the priority action is to immediately reattach it to the drainage system or submerge the end in a bottle of sterile water or saline solution to reestablish a water seal. This helps prevent air from entering the pleural space and causing complications. Calling the health care provider is important but not the first action in this emergency. Instructing the client to inhale and hold his breath should be avoided as it can introduce atmospheric air into the pleural space, leading to potential issues. Clamping the chest tube is generally contraindicated, especially in cases of residual air leak or pneumothorax, as it may result in a tension pneumothorax by preventing air from escaping.
Question 3 of 5
While undergoing fetal heart monitoring, a pregnant Native-American woman requests that a medicine woman be present in the examination room. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct response is to show cultural awareness and acceptance by offering to assist in arranging for the medicine woman to be present. This demonstrates respect for the client's beliefs and preferences.
Choice B is inappropriate as it dismisses the client's request without considering its cultural significance.
Choice C is dismissive and does not acknowledge the client's values.
Choice D is disrespectful and judgmental, undermining the client's beliefs.
Therefore, the only appropriate and professional response is to support the client's request and offer assistance in accommodating it.
Question 4 of 5
What should be the first action upon the discovery of an electrical fire?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct initial action upon discovering an electrical fire is to disconnect the electrical power if it can be done safely. This helps prevent the fire from spreading through the electrical system. Smothering the fire with a blanket is not recommended for electrical fires as it can fuel the fire. Saturating the source with water or other liquids is also not advised as it can lead to electric shock or spread the fire. Activating the fire alarm is important, but it should be done after disconnecting the power to prevent further escalation of the fire.
Question 5 of 5
When providing perineal care to a female client, how should the nurse perform the procedure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When providing perineal care to a female client, the nurse should wear gloves and wash the perineal area from front to back. This technique helps prevent the introduction of E. coli and other bacteria into the urethra, reducing the risk of urinary tract infections. Washing from back to front can introduce bacteria from the anal area to the urethra, leading to infections. Performing the procedure without gloves or having the client perform all care does not adhere to infection control practices. Pouring water from a sterile bottle alone may not ensure proper cleansing and infection prevention.
Therefore, choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not follow proper perineal care guidelines.