NCLEX-PN
Cardiac System NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
If the literature supplied by the fast-food chain indicates that one hot apple pie contains 2 g of protein, 14 g of fat, and 31 g of carbohydrates, how many calories are contained in one hot apple pie?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Calories are calculated as: (2 g protein × 4 kcal/g) + (14 g fat × 9 kcal/g) + (31 g carbohydrates × 4 kcal/g) = 8 + 126 + 124 = 258 kcal, closest to 270 kcal.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who is receiving heparin. What drug should be readily available?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The antidote for heparin is protamine sulfate. Vitamin K is the antidote for warfarin. Calcium gluconate is used for magnesium sulfate overdose. Caffeine is a stimulant and not an antidote.
Question 3 of 5
A low-sodium, low-cholesterol, weight-reducing diet is prescribed for an adult with heart disease. The nurse knows that he understands his diet when he chooses which of the following meals?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Baked skinless chicken and mashed potatoes are low in sodium and cholesterol, making them suitable for a heart-healthy diet. Stir-fried vegetables may contain high sodium sauces, tuna salad may include high-sodium dressings, and grilled steak is higher in cholesterol.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse provides discharge instructions for a client who has recovered after a cardiac catheterization. Which instructions should be included? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Showering prevents infection, generous fluids help flush contrast dye, and reporting worsening pain detects complications. Leg exercises, double flushing, and daily dressing changes are not standard.
Question 5 of 5
A low-sodium diet has been ordered for an adult client. The nurse knows that the client understands his low-sodium diet when the client selects which menu?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Baked chicken, mashed potatoes, and green beans are naturally low in sodium. Steak, hot dogs, and chicken noodle soup are typically high in sodium.