NCLEX Questions Respiratory

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

If the client develops a severe allergic reaction, which drug should the nurse have available?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) as it reverses airway constriction and stabilizes blood pressure.

Question 2 of 5

An adult is being treated with isoniazid (INH) and streptomycin for active tuberculosis. He is also receiving pyridoxine (vitamin B6). Why is this medication prescribed for him?

A. Pyridoxine is bacteriostatic against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. B. To enhance his general nutritional status C. To prevent side effects of INH D. Pyridoxine acts to increase the effects of streptomycin.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Pyridoxine is prescribed to prevent INH-induced peripheral neuritis by supporting nerve function.

Question 3 of 5

The nurse is caring for the client diagnosed with pneumonia. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching plan? Select all that apply.

A. Place the client on oxygen delivered by nasal cannula. B. Plan for periods of rest during activities of daily living. C. Place the client on a fluid restriction of 1,000 mL/day. D. Restrict the client's smoking to two (2) to three (3) cigarettes per day. E. Monitor the client's pulse oximetry readings every four (4) hours.

Correct Answer: B,E

Rationale: Rest periods (
B) conserve energy, and pulse oximetry (E) monitors oxygenation in pneumonia. Oxygen (
A) depends on SpO2, fluid restriction (
C) is inappropriate, and smoking (
D) must stop.

Question 4 of 5

The client who has undergone a radical neck dissection and tracheostomy for cancer of the larynx is being discharged. Which discharge instructions should the nurse teach? Select all that apply.

A. The client will be able to speak again after the surgery area has healed. B. The client should wear a protective covering over the stoma when showering. C. The client should clean the stoma and then apply a petroleum-based ointment. D. The client should use a humidifier in the room. E. The client can get a special telephone for communication.

Correct Answer: B,D,E

Rationale: Showering protection (
B), humidifiers (
D), and special phones (E) support tracheostomy care. Speech (
A) is lost permanently, and petroleum ointment (
C) risks infection.

Question 5 of 5

Select all the factors regarding a deep vein thrombosis that are included in Virchow's Triad:

A. Hypocoagulability B. Atherosclerosis C. Endothelial damage D. Stasis of venous blood E. Excessive coagulability F. Increased venous blood flow

Correct Answer: C,D,E

Rationale: Virchow's Triad details the THREE factors (hence why it called a triad) for blood clot formation within the vessel. Remember 'SHE': Stasis of Venous Blood, Hypercoagulability (means excessive coagulability), Endothelial damage.

NCLEX Questions Respiratory | Nurselytic

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