NCLEX-PN Quizlet 2023 - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'rapid cell catabolism.' During chemotherapy, rapid cell destruction occurs, leading to an increase in uric acid levels as a byproduct of cell breakdown. High uric acid levels are primarily a result of the rapid breakdown of cells during chemotherapy, not due to the kidneys' inability to excrete drug metabolites (
Choice
A). The prophylactic antibiotics given concurrently do not directly cause high uric acid levels (
Choice
C). The altered blood pH from the acidic nature of the drugs (
Choice
D) is not a direct cause of elevated uric acid levels; the main mechanism is the rapid cell catabolism that occurs during chemotherapy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is a hyperglycemic patient. The signs described - weak pulse, quick respiration, acetone breath, and nausea - are indicative of hyperglycemia. A hypoglycemic patient would typically present with different signs such as pale skin, sweating, and confusion. Cardiac arrest would manifest with sudden loss of heart function and consciousness, not the signs described. End-stage renal failure would present with symptoms related to kidney dysfunction like edema, fatigue, and changes in urine output, which are not mentioned in the scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'A 12-month-old that does not 'cruise''. At 12 months, a child should at least be 'cruising' (holding on to objects to walk), which is considered pre-walking. The other choices describe age-appropriate developmental milestones: sitting upright unsupported by 8 months, rolling prone to supine by 6 months, and rolling supine to prone by 3 months. Not 'cruising' at 12 months may indicate a delay in motor skills development.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Kegel exercises, which involve tightening and releasing the pelvic floor muscles, can be beneficial for stress incontinence by strengthening the muscles that control urination.
Choice A is incorrect as it is important for the client to know that absorbent undergarments can be used as a temporary solution but do not address the underlying issue.
Choice C is incorrect as while surgical treatments are available, they are usually considered when conservative treatments like exercises and behavioral therapy have not been successful.
Choice D is incorrect as behavioral therapy can be beneficial in managing stress incontinence through lifestyle and dietary modifications, bladder training, and more, contrary to the statement that it is ineffective.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A combined low PO2 and low SaO2 indicate hypoxia. The pH, PCO2, and HCO3 are normal. ABGs are not necessarily altered in TB or pleural effusion. In pneumonia, the PO2 and PCO2 might be low due to hypoxia stimulating hyperventilation, but the given ABG values specifically point to hypoxia as the primary issue.