NCLEX-PN
Nclex Exam Cram Practice Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Hearing screening of prematurely born infants is an effective means of identifying disease and is an example of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Secondary prevention. Hearing screening for prematurely born infants falls under secondary prevention, which aims to identify and treat a condition in its early stages to prevent further complications. Primary prevention (choice
A) focuses on preventing the disease from occurring, while tertiary prevention (choice
C) involves managing complications and preventing disability.
Choice D, disability prevention, is not a recognized category of prevention. In this context, the screening helps in early identification of hearing loss, allowing for timely intervention to prevent further impairment or complications, aligning with the principles of secondary prevention.
Question 2 of 5
A client whose right leg is in skeletal traction complains of pain in the leg. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When a client in skeletal traction complains of pain, the priority action for the nurse is to realign the client. Severe pain may indicate the need for realignment or that the traction weights are too heavy. Realigning the client should be the initial response as it can help alleviate the pain by ensuring proper alignment. Asking the client to wiggle their toes may not address the underlying issue causing the pain. Removing traction weights should never be done unless specifically ordered by the healthcare provider as it can affect the traction's effectiveness. Medicating the client with analgesics should only be considered after attempting to address the cause of the pain, which in this case, is realignment.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is an appropriate nursing goal for a client at risk for nutritional problems?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is to promote healthy nutritional practices. This goal focuses on preventive measures to address the client's nutritional risk. Providing oxygen (
Choice
A) is not directly related to addressing nutritional problems. Treating complications of malnutrition (
Choice
C) involves addressing the consequences rather than preventing or managing the nutritional problems. Increasing weight (
Choice
D) would only be appropriate if the client is underweight; it does not address the broader aspect of promoting overall healthy nutritional practices.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following foods should be avoided by clients who are prone to developing heartburn as a result of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is chocolate. Ingestion of chocolate can reduce lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure, leading to reflux and clinical symptoms of GERD. Lettuce and eggs do not significantly affect LES pressure, making them less likely to trigger GERD symptoms. Butterscotch, like lettuce and eggs, does not have a notable effect on LES pressure, so it is not as likely to worsen GERD symptoms as chocolate.
Therefore, chocolate is the food to be avoided by clients prone to heartburn due to GERD.
Question 5 of 5
Major competencies for the nurse giving end-of-life care include:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In providing end-of-life care, nurses must possess essential competencies. Demonstrating respect and compassion, along with applying knowledge and skills in caring for both the family and the client, are crucial competencies. These skills help create a supportive and empathetic environment for individuals facing end-of-life situations.
Choice B is incorrect because while assessing and intervening are important, they do not encompass the core competencies required for end-of-life care.
Choice C is also incorrect; although setting goals and expectations is valuable, the primary focus should be on providing compassionate care.
Choice D is incorrect as withholding sad news goes against the principles of honesty and transparency in end-of-life care.