NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Medical Surgical Questions and Answers Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Experimental and epidemiologic evidence suggests that a high-fat diet increases the risk of several cancers. Which of the following cancers is linked to a high-fat diet?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A high-fat diet is strongly associated with an increased risk of colon cancer, as it can promote inflammation and alter gut microbiota, contributing to carcinogenesis.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following nursing interventions would most likely promote self-care behaviors in the client with a hiatal hernia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Encouraging the client to identify past instances of responsibility promotes self-efficacy and motivates self-care behaviors, which is most effective for long-term management.
Question 3 of 5
The client complains of aching, weakness, and a cramping sensation in both of his lower extremities while walking. The nurse knows that exercise enhances blood circulation and utilization of oxygen by the tissues. To promote health and maintain the client's level of activity, the nurse should suggest that the client try:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Riding a stationary bike is a low-impact exercise that promotes circulation and oxygen utilization without excessive strain, suitable for PVD clients with claudication. Skiing and jogging may exacerbate symptoms due to high intensity, and golfing involves prolonged standing, which is less beneficial.
Question 4 of 5
To decrease intraocular pressure following cataract surgery, the nurse should instruct the client to avoid:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Coughing increases intraocular pressure by causing a Valsalva maneuver, which can strain the surgical site and lead to complications like hemorrhage or wound dehiscence.
Question 5 of 5
A client with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is on a ventilator. The client's peak inspiratory pressures and spontaneous respiratory rate are increasing, and the PO2 is not improving. Using the SBAR (Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation) technique for communication, the nurse calls the physician with the recommendation for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increasing peak pressures, respiratory rate, and poor PO2 suggest agitation or asynchrony; I.V. sedation improves ventilator synchrony. Diet and pain medication are irrelevant. Increasing ventilator rate may worsen lung injury.