NCLEX Neurological Disorders

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

Because the client with Parkinson's disease is prone to constipation, the nurse should encourage increased consumption of which food?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Fresh fruits are high in fiber, which helps alleviate constipation in clients with Parkinson's disease.

Question 2 of 5

The client is at risk for septic emboli after being diagnosed with meningococcal meningitis. Which action by the nurse directly addresses this risk?

A. Monitoring vital signs and oxygen saturation levels hourly B. Planning to give meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine C. Assessing neurological function with the Glasgow Coma Scale q2h D. Completing a thorough vascular assessment of all extremities q2h

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Monitoring VS is indicated but does not address the complication of septic emboli. Immunization with the meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (Menomune) is a preventive measure against meningitis and would not be included in treatment. Frequent neurological assessments are indicated but do not address the complication of septic emboli. Frequent vascular assessments will detect vascular compromise secondary to septic emboli. Early detection allows for interventions that will prevent gangrene and possible loss of limb.

Question 3 of 5

The client is brought to the emergency department by the police for public disorderliness. The client reports feeling no pain and is unconcerned that the police have arrested him. The nurse notes the client has epistaxis and nasal congestion. Which substance should the nurse suspect the client has abused?

A. Marijuana. B. Heroin. C. Ecstasy. D. Cocaine.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Cocaine (
D) causes epistaxis, nasal congestion, and euphoria with pain insensitivity. Marijuana (
A), heroin (
B), and ecstasy (
C) do not typically cause these nasal symptoms.

Question 4 of 5

The nurse is admitting a client with the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease. Which assessment data support this diagnosis?

A. Crackles in the upper lung fields and jugular vein distention. B. Muscle weakness in the upper extremities and ptosis. C. Exaggerated arm swinging and scanning speech. D. Masklike facies and a shuffling gait.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Masklike facies and shuffling gait (
D) are hallmark signs of Parkinson’s due to bradykinesia and rigidity. Crackles and JVD (
A) suggest heart failure, weakness and ptosis (
B) indicate myasthenia gravis, and exaggerated arm swinging (
C) is opposite to Parkinson’s.

Question 5 of 5

Which client statement indicates understanding of myasthenia gravis management?

A. I'll take my medication whenever I feel weak.' B. I'll avoid crowds to prevent infections.' C. I'll exercise vigorously every morning.' D. I'll skip doses if I feel better.'

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Avoiding crowds reduces infection risk, which is critical in myasthenia gravis due to immunosuppressive therapy.

NCLEX Neurological Disorders | Nurselytic

Nurselytic

NCLEX-PN

NCLEX-PN