NCLEX RN Simulated Exam Test Bank - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Stereotyping is defined as providing a generalization about a person based on their culture or characteristics. In this scenario, assuming that an elderly patient will have difficulty understanding medication directions solely based on their age is an act of stereotyping. The healthcare provider is attributing a generalized trait to the patient without considering individual differences. Prejudice, on the other hand, involves forming a negative opinion about someone based on their heritage or culture, which is not evident in this situation. Encoding refers to the process of converting information into a form that can be stored in memory, and rationalization involves justifying one's behavior or decisions with logical reasons, neither of which are applicable in this context.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Sigmoidoscopy is the correct answer because it specifically examines the sigmoid colon located in the descending colon using an endoscope inserted through the rectum. This procedure captures video and images of the large intestine's lining, helping in the diagnosis of conditions like inflammatory bowel disease or colorectal cancer. Colposcopy, on the other hand, is a procedure for examining the cervix and vagina, not the large intestine. Upper GI involves capturing images of the esophagus and stomach, focusing on the upper gastrointestinal tract, not the large intestine. Cardiac catheterization is a procedure that involves threading a thin instrument through the femoral artery to the heart, used for cardiac interventions and not related to examining the large intestine.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is High Fowler's. Sitting in a chair or resting in a bed in the high Fowler's position helps decrease the cardiac workload and facilitates breathing in clients with congestive heart failure. This position helps reduce venous return and increases lung expansion, improving oxygenation. The supine position (choice
B) may lead to increased pressure on the heart and lungs, making it less suitable for these clients. The left lateral position (choice
C) is not as effective as High Fowler's in reducing cardiac workload and improving breathing. Low Fowler's position (choice
D) does not provide the same benefits as the High Fowler's position for clients with congestive heart failure.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Food intake is typically measured in terms of the percentage (%) of food that has been eaten. Using percentages allows for a more precise and standardized way of recording food consumption. For instance, you would record 25% of the vegetable if the person has eaten about a quarter of the vegetables on the plate.

Choices A and B are incorrect.
Choice A's terms 'a little' and 'a moderate amount' are vague and not specific enough for accurate documentation.
Choice B's use of cc is more appropriate for measuring fluids, not solid foods.
Choice D is also incorrect as it combines vague terms with percentages, which could lead to confusion in accurately documenting the food intake.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should collaborate with the patient rather than impose personal opinions. While the nurse should respect the patient's autonomy, they also have a duty to provide guidance. By exploring possible consequences of the suggested outcome with the patient, the nurse can facilitate a discussion that helps the patient make an informed decision. This approach respects the patient's input while ensuring their well-being. Remaining silent (
Choice
A) may not address the issue, educating the patient unilaterally (
Choice
B) may be perceived as dismissive, and formulating an outcome without patient input (
Choice
D) disregards the patient's autonomy and preferences.