NCLEX Psychosocial Integrity Questions - Nurselytic

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: According to Erikson's theory, a preschooler develops the superego or conscience during the initiative versus guilt stage. This stage occurs around ages 3 to 6 years old. The development of the superego is crucial for the child to start understanding and internalizing societal and parental values.
Choice B is incorrect because playing beside other children typically occurs during the autonomy versus shame and doubt stage, which is seen in toddlers.
Choice C is incorrect as concentrating on work and play is more characteristic of the industry versus inferiority stage, typically seen in school-aged children.
Choice D is incorrect because becoming casual about body appearance is more aligned with the identity versus role confusion stage, which is seen in adolescents who have a marked preoccupation with appearance and body image.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is feeling happy if there is a newborn in the family. Preschoolers are more likely to exhibit feelings of stress and jealousy rather than happiness with the arrival of a new baby in the family. Thumb sucking and bed-wetting are common behaviors displayed by preschoolers during times of stress. Guilt typically arises in children when they perceive that they have not behaved appropriately. Preschoolers are known to be naturally curious about their surroundings, showing an interest in exploring and learning about the environment around them.
Therefore, feeling happy with the birth of a new baby is developmentally atypical for preschoolers.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Palliative care is a type of care that focuses on providing support and comfort to individuals who may have a terminal illness or severe symptoms. It aims to improve the quality of life for both the individual receiving care and their family. While it can be provided in various settings, including hospitals, homes, or specialized facilities, the primary focus is on symptom management and addressing the physical, emotional, and spiritual needs of the individual.
Choice A is incorrect because palliative care is not solely limited to end-of-life care but also includes managing symptoms and improving quality of life.
Choice C is incorrect as palliative care is focused on providing care and support during the individual's life, not on funeral arrangements after death.
Choice D is incorrect as palliative care is primarily directed towards the individual receiving care, although it may also provide support to their family and friends during the care process.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate response to the client's question regarding their prognosis is to acknowledge the variable nature of multiple sclerosis by stating that 'The prognosis varies, as most individuals have remissions and exacerbations.' This response provides realistic information while offering some hope.
Choice A ('Most individuals with your disease live a normal life span.') gives false reassurance as repeated exacerbations may affect life span.
Choice B ('Is your family here? I would like to explain your disease to all of you.') does not directly address the client's question and involves the family unnecessarily.
Choice D ('Why don't you speak with your health care provider to get more details?') deflects the responsibility and does not address the client's immediate concerns about their prognosis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Impulsive.' Clients with borderline personality disorder often exhibit impulsive, potentially self-damaging behaviors. Arrogance is more characteristic of narcissistic personality disorder, eccentric behavior aligns with schizotypal personality disorder, and dependent behavior is typical of dependent personality disorder.
Therefore, the key feature of borderline personality disorder is impulsivity.