NCLEX-RN
Medical Surgical NCLEX RN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A priority in the first 24 hours after a bilateral adrenalectomy is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Preventing adrenal crisis is critical post-adrenalectomy due to sudden loss of adrenal hormone production, requiring steroid replacement.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following increases the risk of having a large abdominal aortic aneurysm rupture?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: High blood pressure increases wall stress in a large abdominal aortic aneurysm, elevating the risk of rupture per Laplace's law (wall tension ˆ pressure × radius). Anemia, dehydration, and hyperglycemia do not directly increase rupture risk.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to teach a client with microcytic hypochromic anemia about the diet to follow after discharge. Which of the following foods should be included in the diet?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Microcytic hypochromic anemia is often caused by iron deficiency. Eggs are a good source of dietary iron, particularly heme iron, which is well-absorbed by the body. Lettuce and citrus fruits do not provide significant iron, though citrus fruits can enhance iron absorption when consumed with iron-rich foods. Cheese is not a significant source of iron.
Therefore, eggs should be included in the diet.
Question 4 of 5
A client is admitted to the unit with a diagnosis of thrombophlebitis and deep vein thrombosis of the right leg. A loading dose of heparin has been given in the emergency room, and I.V. heparin will be continued for the next several days. The nurse should develop a plan of care for this client that will involve:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Heparin therapy for DVT requires monitoring aPTT to ensure therapeutic anticoagulation (1.5–2.5 times baseline). INR is less relevant for heparin but may be monitored if transitioning to warfarin. Aspirin is not typically used, and green leafy vegetables (high in vitamin K) may affect warfarin, not heparin.
Question 5 of 5
A client with terminal cancer is transitioning to hospice care. The nurse should prioritize which of the following in the care plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Aggressive pain management is the priority in hospice care to ensure comfort and quality of life for a client with terminal cancer.