Respiratory NCLEX Questions

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

A patient is admitted with pneumonia. Sputum cultures show that the patient is infected with a gram positive bacterium. The patient is allergic to Penicillin. Which medication would the patient most likely be prescribed?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: For gram-positive bacterial pneumonia in a penicillin-allergic patient, macrolides like azithromycin are commonly prescribed due to their efficacy and safety. Cephalosporins may cross-react with penicillin allergies, Penicillin G is contraindicated, and Tamiflu is for viral infections.

Question 2 of 5

An adult had a negative purified protein derivative (PPD) test when he was first employed two years ago. A year later, the client had a positive PPD test and a negative chest x-ray. This indicated that at that time the client:

A. was less susceptible to a tuberculosis infection than the year before. B. had acquired some degree of passive immunity to tuberculosis. C. had fought the Mycobacterium tuberculosis but had not developed active tuberculosis. D. had a mild tuberculosis infection in an organ other than the lung.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A positive PPD with a negative chest x-ray indicates exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis with an immune response but no active pulmonary disease.

Question 3 of 5

The day shift charge nurse on a medical unit is making rounds after report. Which client should be seen first?

A. The 65-year-old client diagnosed with tuberculosis who has a sputum specimen to be sent to the laboratory. B. The 76-year-old client diagnosed with aspiration pneumonia who has a clogged feeding tube. C. The 45-year-old client diagnosed with pneumonia who has a pulse oximetry reading of 92%. D. The 39-year-old client diagnosed with bronchitis who has an arterial oxygenation level of 89%.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: SpO2 89% (
D) indicates significant hypoxia, requiring immediate assessment. TB sputum (
A), clogged tube (
B), and SpO2 92% (
C) are less urgent.

Question 4 of 5

The client is suspected of having a pulmonary embolus. Which diagnostic test suggests the presence of a pulmonary embolus and requires further investigation?

A. Plasma D-dimer test. B. Arterial blood gases. C. Chest x-ray (CXR). D. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Elevated D-dimer (
A) suggests clotting, warranting further PE investigation (e.g., CT). ABGs (
B) show hypoxia, CXR (
C) is nonspecific, and MRI (
D) is not standard.

Question 5 of 5

Aside from the characteristics of the client's cough, which other pertinent assessment finding should the nurse document?

A. Family history of respiratory disease B. Current vital signs C. Appearance of respiratory secretions D. Any self-treatment measures used by the client

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The appearance of respiratory secretions (color, consistency) provides critical information about the infection's severity and type.

Respiratory NCLEX Questions | Nurselytic

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