NCLEX-PN
Quizlet NCLEX PN 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing an 18-year-old female who has recently suffered a TBI. The nurse notes a slower pulse and impaired respiration. The nurse should report these findings immediately to the physician due to the possibility the patient is experiencing which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should report the slower pulse and impaired respiration to the physician immediately as they are indicative of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) following a traumatic brain injury (TBI). These signs suggest that there may be a rise in pressure within the skull, which can be a life-threatening condition requiring urgent intervention. Options B and C are unlikely in this scenario as they do not correlate with the symptoms presented. Meningitis (Option
D) typically presents with different signs and symptoms, such as fever, headache, and neck stiffness, which are not described in the patient's case.
Question 2 of 5
A client with sickle cell disease is worried about passing the disease on to children. Which of the following statements by the PN is most appropriate for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A client with sickle cell disease has a genetic condition that can be passed on to their offspring. The most appropriate statement for the PN to provide is to acknowledge this fact and inform the client that sickle cell disease is genetically based and might be passed on to children. This empowers the client with accurate information.
Choice A has been refined to emphasize discussing the inheritance risk, making it a better option than the vague original choice.
Choices C and D provide incorrect information. Sickle cell disease is indeed genetically based and can be inherited.
Question 3 of 5
A 28-year-old male has a diagnosis of AIDS. The patient has had a two-year history of AIDS. The most likely cognitive deficits include which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In individuals with AIDS, cognitive deficits commonly manifest as confusion and disorientation, making choice A, 'Disorientation,' the correct answer. Sensory changes (choice
B) and hearing deficits (choice
D) are more related to sensory processing rather than cognitive impairment. 'Inability to produce sound' (choice
C) is more indicative of a speech or language deficit rather than a cognitive impairment typically seen in AIDS patients.
Question 4 of 5
The test used to differentiate sickle cell trait from sickle cell disease is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct test to differentiate between sickle cell trait and sickle cell disease is hemoglobin electrophoresis. This test separates different types of hemoglobin based on their electrical charge, allowing for the identification of specific hemoglobin variants like HbS in sickle cell disease. Sickle cell preparation and Sickledex are not specific tests for this differentiation. While a peripheral smear can show sickle cells, it does not provide a definitive differentiation between the trait and the disease as it doesn't identify the specific hemoglobin variant present.
Question 5 of 5
A client had a colostomy done one day ago. Which of the following is an abnormal finding when assessing the stoma?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A dark red color is an abnormal finding when assessing the stoma as it indicates inadequate blood supply, possibly due to ischemia. Mild edema, minimal bleeding, and a rose color are expected findings one day post colostomy surgery. Mild edema can be present due to tissue trauma and inflammation, minimal bleeding can occur initially, and a healthy stoma typically appears pink to red, known as a rose color, indicating good blood supply and tissue perfusion.
Therefore, the dark red color is the abnormal finding in this scenario.