NCLEX-PN
Health Promotion and Maintenance NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A hepatitis B screen is performed on a pregnant client, and the results indicate the presence of antigens in the client's blood. On the basis of this finding, the nurse makes which determination?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A hepatitis B screen is performed to identify antigens in maternal blood. If antigens are present, it indicates that the mother is a carrier, and the newborn will need to receive hepatitis immune globulin and vaccine soon after birth to prevent transmission.
Therefore, choice A is correct.
Choices B and C are incorrect because the presence of antigens indicates a positive result, not a negative one or the absence of hepatitis B in the mother.
Choice D is incorrect as it suggests the client needs to receive the hepatitis B series of vaccines, which is not the immediate action required when antigens are found in the maternal blood.
Question 2 of 5
The tendency of a drug to combine with its receptor is called:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Affinity is a close relationship, mutual attraction, or similarity. The tendency of a drug to combine with its receptor is called affinity. Affinity is a measure of the strength of the drug-receptor bonding. Potency and efficacy describe the capability of a drug to produce the desired effect. Kinetics is the branch of science that deals with the effects of forces on the motions of material bodies or with changes in a physical or chemical system.
Question 3 of 5
The client provides information to a pregnant client who is experiencing nausea and vomiting about measures to relieve the discomfort. Which statement by the mother indicates the need for further information?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
To alleviate nausea and vomiting, the client should avoid drinking liquids with meals. The client should keep dry crackers at her bedside, avoid fried foods, and eat smaller meals. Additionally, the client should eat dry crackers every 2 hours to prevent an empty stomach and avoid spicy foods and foods with strong odors, such as onion and cabbage. The incorrect choices are:
A) Eating five or six small meals a day instead of three full meals is a correct recommendation.
C) Keeping dry crackers at her bedside and eating them before getting out of bed in the morning is a helpful suggestion.
D) Avoiding fried or greasy foods is a valid advice to alleviate nausea and vomiting.
Question 4 of 5
When preparing to listen to a client's breath sounds, what technique should a nurse use?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When preparing to listen to a client's breath sounds, a nurse should ask the client to sit and lean forward slightly, with the arms resting comfortably across the lap. The client should be instructed to breathe through the mouth a little more deeply than usual but to stop if feeling dizzy. The nurse should use the flat diaphragm end-piece of the stethoscope, holding it firmly on the chest wall. By using the diaphragm, the nurse can listen for at least one full respiration in each location, moving from side to side to compare sounds. This technique ensures a systematic and thorough assessment of lung sounds.
Choice A is correct as it includes the proper positioning of the client and specifies the use of the diaphragm of the stethoscope.
Choice B is incorrect as both lungs should be auscultated systematically, starting from the top and moving down.
Choice C is incorrect as deep breaths, not shallow ones, are recommended for an accurate assessment of breath sounds.
Question 5 of 5
When a 16-year-old girl visits the women's health clinic to obtain information about birth control because she is sexually active and wants to avoid pregnancy, what should the nurse do first when interviewing the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a client seeks information about birth control, it is essential for the nurse to first assess the client's existing knowledge on the subject. This enables the nurse to provide tailored information that complements what the client already knows, facilitating better understanding and decision-making. Providing written material is a helpful educational tool but should not be the first intervention. Offering specific advice on birth control methods based on age and lifestyle limits the client's autonomy and decision-making process. Mentioning the client's boyfriend as a requirement for discussing birth control is inappropriate and nontherapeutic, as the client should be able to seek information independently.