NCLEX-PN
Health Promotion and Maintenance NCLEX Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A contraindication for topical corticosteroid use in a client with atopic dermatitis (eczema) is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Topical corticosteroids increase the risk of disseminated viral infections (e.g., herpes) in eczema due to localized immunosuppression, making viral infections a contraindication.
Question 2 of 5
When a client describes their family as having multiple wives, all of whom are sisters, married to one man, the nurse documents the family structure as?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The practice of polygamy refers to having multiple wives or husbands. When there are multiple wives who are sisters, the polygamy is designated as soronal. When the wives are not sisters it is nonsororal. Polyandry refers to multiple husbands and is rare. Some cultures practice a polygamy designated as sororate. Sororate polygamy specifies that a husband must marry his wife's sister if she dies. These marriages are successive rather than concurrent.
Question 3 of 5
When determining a fetal heart rate (FHR) and noting accelerations from the baseline rate when the fetus is moving, a nurse interprets this finding as:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a nurse notes accelerations from the baseline rate of the fetal heart rate, particularly when they occur with fetal movement, it is considered a reassuring sign. This indicates a healthy response to fetal activity. Reassuring signs in FHR monitoring include an average rate between 120 and 160 beats/min at term, a regular rhythm with slight fluctuations, accelerations from the baseline rate (often associated with fetal movement), and the absence of decreases from the baseline rate.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because accelerations in FHR with fetal movement are not indicative of the need to contact the physician, fetal distress, or a nonreassuring sign. These signs would typically be associated with other abnormal FHR patterns that would warrant further assessment and intervention.
Question 4 of 5
The chemotherapeutic DNA alkylating agents such as nitrogen mustards are effective because they:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Alkylating agents are highly reactive chemicals that introduce alkyl radicals into biologically active molecules and thereby prevent their proper functioning, replication, and transcription.
Choice 2 is incorrect because alkylating agents have numerous side effects including alopecia, nausea, vomiting, and myelosuppression.
Choice 3 is incorrect because nitrogen mustards have a broad spectrum of activity against chronic lymphocytic leukemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and breast and ovarian cancer, but they are effective chemotherapeutic agents because of DNA crosslinkage.
Choice 4 is incorrect because alkylating agents are non-cell-cycle-specific agents.
Question 5 of 5
An amniocentesis is scheduled for a pregnant client in the third trimester. The nurse informs the client that the most common indication for amniocentesis during the third trimester is for which reason?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most common indication for amniocentesis in the third trimester is the determination of fetal lung maturity. This assessment is essential to evaluate the fetus's readiness for extrauterine life. Checking for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in the amniotic fluid is more commonly associated with midtrimester amniocentesis to identify chromosomal abnormalities. Assessing for intrauterine infection is not a primary reason for amniocentesis in the third trimester. While checking fetal cells for chromosomal abnormalities is a common indication for midtrimester amniocentesis, it is not the most common indication in the third trimester.