NCLEX-RN
Free NCLEX RN Questions for Med Surg Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with lymphoma reports severe abdominal pain and distension. The nurse suspects tumor lysis syndrome (TLS). Which laboratory result would confirm this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: TLS causes rapid cell breakdown, releasing potassium, leading to hyperkalemia (potassium >5.5 mEq/L), which confirms the diagnosis and requires urgent management.
Question 2 of 5
A client is admitted with a 6.5-cm thoracic aneurysm. The nurse records findings from the initial assessment in the client's chart, as shown below. At 10:30 a.m., the client complains of sharp midchest pain after having a bowel movement. What should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sharp midchest pain in a client with a thoracic aneurysm suggests possible dissection or rupture, a life-threatening emergency. Assessing vital signs (e.g., hypotension, tachycardia) first provides critical data to guide action. Fluid bolus, neurologic assessment, or contacting the physician follow based on findings.
Question 3 of 5
After treatment with radioactive iodine (RAI) in the form of sodium iodide 131I, the nurse teaches the client to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: RAI often destroys enough thyroid tissue to cause hypothyroidism, requiring lifelong thyroxine replacement. Monitoring for hyperthyroidism is unnecessary post-treatment, and rest or assessing for hypertension/tachycardia are not primary concerns.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following should be readily available at the bedside of a client with a chest tube in place?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A bottle of sterile water is needed to restore the water seal if the chamber is compromised. Tracheostomy trays, extra chest tubes, and spirometers are not immediately necessary.
Question 5 of 5
What is the purpose of sodium polystyrene sulfonate in acute renal failure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sodium polystyrene sulfonate removes potassium from the body, treating hyperkalemia.