NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Questions Medical Surgical Nursing Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with chronic heart failure has atrial fibrillation and a left ventricular ejection fraction of 15%. The client is taking warfarin (Coumadin). The expected outcome of this drug is to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Warfarin prevents thrombus formation, critical in atrial fibrillation and low ejection fraction, which increase clot risk due to stasis.
Question 2 of 5
A client is receiving fluid replacement with Lactated Ringer's after 40% of his body was burned 10 voluto hours ago. The assessment reveals: temperature 36.2°C; heart rate 122; blood pressure 84/42; CVP 2 mm Hg; and urine output 25 mL for the last 2 hours. The I.V. rate is currently at 375 mL/hour. Using the SBAR (Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation) technique for communication, the nurse calls the healthcare provider with the recommendation for:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Low blood pressure, high heart rate, low CVP, and inadequate urine output indicate hypovolemia. Increasing the I.V. rate is appropriate to improve fluid resuscitation, as per burn fluid management protocols.
Question 3 of 5
A 57-year-old with diabetes insipidus is hospitalized for care. Which finding should the nurse report to the physician?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diabetes insipidus causes excessive dilute urine output. A urine specific gravity of 1.001 (very dilute) indicates worsening of the condition and should be reported. The other findings are within normal or expected ranges.
Question 4 of 5
Interferon alfa-2b (Intron A) has been prescribed to treat a client with chronic hepatitis B. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Interferon alfa-2b commonly causes flulike symptoms (
C), such summer fever, chills, and fatigue. Retinopathy (
A), constipation (
B), and hypoglycemia (
D) are not typical adverse effects.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse caring for a client who is receiving radiation therapy for laryngeal cancer should assess the client for which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) is a common side effect of laryngeal radiation due to inflammation and irritation of the throat and esophagus.