NCLEX-RN
Basic Adult Health Care NCLEX Heart Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with bladder cancer reports fatigue and weight loss. The nurse should assess for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fatigue and weight loss in bladder cancer may indicate metastasis, as the disease progresses.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is completing a health assessment of a 42-year-old female with suspected Graves' disease. The nurse should assess this client for:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Graves' disease, the most common type of thyrotoxicosis, is a state of hypermetabolism. The increased metabolic rate generates heat and produces tachycardia and fine muscle tremors. Anorexia is associated with hypothyroidism. Loss of weight, despite a good appetite and adequate caloric intake, is a common feature of hyperthyroidism. Cold skin is associated with hypothyroidism.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assessing a 48-year-old client with a history of smoking during a routine clinic visit. The client, who exercises regularly, reports having pain in the calf during exercise that disappears at rest. Which of the following findings requires further evaluation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An ankle-brachial index (ABI) of 0.65 is significantly below the normal range (0.9–1.3), indicating potential peripheral vascular disease (PV
D) due to arterial insufficiency. This finding warrants further evaluation, especially given the client's symptoms of claudication (pain during exercise relieved by rest) and smoking history, which are risk factors for PVD. The other options€”heart rate, SpO2, and blood pressure€”are either normal or irrelevant in this context.
Question 4 of 5
A client with malignant melanoma asks the nurse about the prognosis. The nurse should base a response that informs the client that the prognosis depends on:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Melanoma prognosis primarily depends on lesion thickness (Breslow depth), as thicker lesions indicate deeper invasion and worse outcomes.
Question 5 of 5
An 82-year-old female has several ecchymotic areas on her left arm. The nurse should further assess the client for:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aging increases capillary fragility and permeability, leading to easy bruising (ecchymosis). While elder abuse is possible, capillary fragility is the most likely cause in this context.