NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Medical Surgical Practice Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with acute renal failure is prescribed a low-potassium diet. Which food should be avoided?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bananas are high in potassium, unsuitable for a low-potassium diet.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following are expected outcomes for a client with pulmonary disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A matched ventilation-to-perfusion ratio is the goal in pulmonary disease for efficient gas exchange. Low or high ratios indicate mismatch. Equal PaO2 and PaCO2 is not a standard outcome.
Question 3 of 5
A client with Addison's disease is admitted to the medical unit. The nurse diagnoses the client with Deficient fluid volume related to inadequate fluid intake and to fluid loss secondary to inadequate adrenal hormone secretion. As the client's oral intake increases, which of the following fluids would be most appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bouillon provides sodium, and juice offers hydration and calories, supporting fluid and electrolyte balance in Addison's disease.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is obtaining a blood sample for a PTT test ordered for a client who is taking heparin. It is 5 a.m. When drawing the blood, the nurse should do which of the following? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Rationales:
B) Checking the armband ensures correct client identification, critical for safety.
C) Labeling the vial in front of the client prevents errors. E) Asking the client to state their name confirms identity.
A) Awakening the client is unnecessary if asleep, as the draw can be done gently.
D) Room number is unreliable for identification.
Question 5 of 5
A client with acute renal failure has an increase in the serum potassium level. The nurse should monitor the client for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated potassium can cause cardiac arrhythmias, potentially leading to cardiac arrest, requiring close monitoring.