NCLEX-RN
NCLEX RN Medical Surgical Questions and Answers Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client receiving a loop diuretic should be encouraged to eat which of the following foods? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Loop diuretics like furosemide cause potassium loss. Bananas (
B), dried fruit (
C), and orange juice (
D) are potassium-rich, helping prevent hypokalemia.
Question 2 of 5
A client with pancreatic cancer is experiencing severe pain and is suspected to have a malignant bowel obstruction. The nurse should anticipate an order for:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A nasogastric tube is used to decompress the bowel and relieve symptoms in malignant bowel obstruction, providing palliative relief.
Question 3 of 5
The client complains of aching, weakness, and a cramping sensation in both of his lower extremities while walking. The nurse knows that exercise enhances blood circulation and utilization of oxygen by the tissues. To promote health and maintain the client's level of activity, the nurse should suggest that the client try:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Riding a stationary bike is a low-impact exercise that promotes circulation and oxygen utilization without excessive strain, suitable for PVD clients with claudication. Skiing and jogging may exacerbate symptoms due to high intensity, and golfing involves prolonged standing, which is less beneficial.
Question 4 of 5
Before surgery for a known aortic aneurysm, the client's pulse pressure begins to widen, suggesting increased aortic valvular insufficiency. If the branches of the aortic arch are involved, the nurse should assess the client for:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Widening pulse pressure and aortic arch involvement in an aortic aneurysm suggest possible dissection affecting cerebral perfusion (e.g., carotid artery involvement), leading to disorientation or neurologic changes. Low blood pressure, anxiety, and headache are less specific or unrelated.
Question 5 of 5
Glulisine (Apidra) insulin is ordered to be administered to a client before each meal. To assist the day-shift nurse who is receiving the report, the night-shift nurse gives the morning dose of glulisine. When the day-shift nurse goes to the room of the client who requires glulisine, the nurse finds that the client is not in the room. The client's roommate tells the nurse that the client 'went for a test.' What should the nurse do next?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Glulisine is rapid-acting insulin, and the client must eat within 15 minutes to prevent hypoglycemia. The nurse should locate the client and provide juice to counteract potential hypoglycemia.