Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies NCLEX

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

A client newly diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus needs education. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in this education?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A balanced diet and exercise program are essential for managing diabetes, promoting glycemic control and overall health without extreme restrictions.

Question 2 of 5

A nurse is working in a pediatric clinic and a 25 year-old mother comes in with a 4 week-old baby. The mother is stressed out about loss of sleep and the baby exhibits signs of colic. Which of the following techniques should the nurse teach the mother?

A. Distraction of the infant with a red object B. Prone positioning techniques C. Tapping reflex techniques D. Neural warmth techniques

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Neural warmth will help to lower the baby's agitation level, soothing the colic symptoms.

Question 3 of 5

Clients who take iron preparations should be warned of the possible side effects, which might include:

A. dizziness and orthostatic hypotension B. nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, and stomach cramps C. drowsiness, lethargy, and fatigue D. neuropathy and tingling in the extremities

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Iron supplements commonly cause gastrointestinal side effects like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and stomach cramps, requiring client education.

Question 4 of 5

Laboratory tests reveal the following electrolyte values for Mr. Smith: Na 135 mEq/L, Ca 8.5 mg/dL, Cl 102 mEq/L, and K 2.0 mEq/L. Which of the following values should the nurse report to the physician because of its potential risk to the client?

A. Ca B. K C. Na D. Cl

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A potassium level of 2.0 mEq/L is critically low (normal 3.5-5.5 mEq/L), risking cardiac arrhythmias, and should be reported immediately.

Question 5 of 5

When teaching a client about anti-retroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the PN should emphasize:

A. When started, therapy must not be interrupted to prevent viral resistance B. When started, therapy must not be interrupted to prevent opportunistic infection C. Therapy should be interrupted for one day each month to prevent toxicity D. Therapy should be interrupted for one week every three months to prevent toxicity

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: HIV mutates very rapidly, and any interruption of therapy can allow viral resistance to emerge - even taking a dose late.
Choice B is incorrect because, when the virus is kept in check with anti-retrovirals, the client's own immune system is able to keep opportunistic infections at bay.

Choices C and D are incorrect because therapy should not be interrupted for any reason. If the client develops toxicity, another anti-retroviral drug might be prescribed.

Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies NCLEX | Nurselytic

Nurselytic

NCLEX-PN

NCLEX-PN