NCLEX-RN
Health Promotion and Maintenance NCLEX RN Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client is preparing to give a stool sample for occult blood. All of the following information is part of teaching for this client EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When preparing to give a stool sample for occult blood testing, clients need specific instructions to ensure accurate results. It is crucial to educate clients to avoid eating red meat for at least 3 days before the test, as the blood in the meat can interfere with the test results. Clients should be informed that the stool does not need to be kept in a container with preservative as it is not required for this type of testing. Additionally, clients should be aware that a small part of the stool from two areas will be tested using a smear. However, collecting the stool sample from the toilet after having a bowel movement is not recommended as it may introduce contaminants and affect the accuracy of the test.
Therefore, this information is not part of the correct teaching for the client preparing to give a stool sample for occult blood.
Question 2 of 5
A 58-year-old client is being tested for rheumatoid arthritis. Her physician orders an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Which of the following results is most likely to be associated with arthritis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) measures levels of inflammation in the body. Elevated ESR levels are commonly seen in autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis due to the presence of inflammation. In women over 50 years old, a normal ESR is typically below 30 mm/hr.
Therefore, a result of 40 mm/hr is more indicative of arthritis in a 58-year-old individual.
Choices A, B, and C are below the normal ESR range for a woman of this age and would not be as strongly associated with arthritis.
Question 3 of 5
A client is having blood tests and has an elevated lymphocyte level. Based on knowledge of cellular components, what does the nurse know about these cells?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cells that play a crucial role in supporting the body's immune system. They are responsible for producing substances that protect the body against infections and foreign substances that could potentially harm the client. Lymphocytes consist of two main types: T cells, which are produced in the thymus, and B cells, which are produced in the lymphatic tissue.
Choice A is incorrect because histamine is mainly associated with basophils and mast cells, not lymphocytes.
Choice B is incorrect as phagocytosis is a function of other white blood cells such as neutrophils and macrophages.
Choice D is also incorrect as carrying hemoglobin and oxygen is a function of red blood cells, not lymphocytes.
Question 4 of 5
A client has a prescription for ketoconazole. Which instruction should the nurse teach the client to follow while taking this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client should be taught that ketoconazole is an antifungal medication. The client should avoid exposure to sunlight because the medication increases photosensitivity. The client should avoid the concurrent use of alcohol because the medication is hepatotoxic. Antacids should be avoided for 2 hours after it is taken because gastric acid is needed to activate the medication. This medication should be taken with food or milk.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 3-day old infant who needs an exchange transfusion. Which of the following statements is appropriate for teaching the child's parents about this procedure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: : An exchange transfusion is a method of controlling high bilirubin levels in infants when traditional phototherapy is unsuccessful. During an exchange transfusion, the physician removes 5-10 cc of blood and then replaces it with donor blood. The parents of this infant should know that the procedure is always performed by a physician and will take approximately 1 ½ hours to complete.